Moving towards adaptive management of cyanotoxin‐impaired water bodies

Paerl, Hans W.; Otten, Timothy G.; Joyner, Alan R.

doi:10.1111/1751-7915.12383

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Potential microcystin-producing species had the highest relative abundance in the studied reservoirs, which correlated with the frequent detection of the cyanotoxin. This result is consistent with the assertion that this is the most common and frequently detected cyanotoxin in lakes and reservoirs (Mowe et al, 2015;Paerl and Otten, 2016). However, as reported by Merel et al, (2013), it can not be ruled out that the high frequency of microcystin detection in water bodies published is because they are much more studied and monitored than other cyanotoxins.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Spatio-temporal variation of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in public supply reservoirs of the semi-arid region of Brazil

et al. 2019

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Cyanobacteria harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) have become increasingly frequent and intense in public supply reservoirs as a result of eutrophication and global climate change. The semi-arid region of Brazil has a well documented history of CyanoHABs but the underlying factors that control the excessive proliferation of these organisms and the production of their bioactive secondary metabolites are not comprehensively understood. This study aimed to identify the environmental factors that explain the spatial and temporal variations in the abundance of cyanobacteria and the concentration of cyanotoxins (microcystins, saxitoxins, and cylindrospermopsin) in semi-arid reservoirs. The following hypotheses were tested: (a) the largest biovolumes of potential toxin producing cyanobacteria occur when cyanotoxin concentrations are highest; and (b) the environmental factors that explain variations in biovolume of cyanobacteria also explain changes in cyanotoxins concentrations. Samples were taken from four reservoirs located in the Northeast region of Brazil, over a three-month period (October 2016 and February and June 2017). Of the 24 species of cyanobacteria identified, 13 were potentially toxin-producing. Physicochemical variables such as water volume of the reservoir, water transparency, soluble reactive phosphorus, and total phosphorus explained the abundance of cyanobacteria and the levels of cyanotoxins. These results corroborate the hypothesis that similar physicochemical conditions influence the abundance and diversity of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins. Cyanobacterial blooms composed of more than one potential toxin producing species were observed in the studied reservoirs, where potential microcystin-producing species were the most common. Microcystins and saxitoxins were detected in all the reservoirs studied, while cylindrospermopsin and the cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii were simultaneously recorded in only one reservoir (Camalaú Reservoir). Cylindrospermopsin was only detected in a reservoir for the first time in the State of Paraíba. Canonical redundancy analysis showed that the cyanotoxins were related to potential toxin producing species. These results corroborate the proposed hypothesis that there is a correlation between cyanotoxins and the biomass of potential producers. Also, there were situations where cyanotoxins were detected without the presence of potential producers. These results demonstrate the need for reassessment of potential toxin producing species of cyanobacteria in semi-arid reservoirs. This may lead to the identification and characterization of novel producers of these bioactive secondary metabolites.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Spatio-temporal variation of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in public supply reservoirs of the semi-arid region of Brazil

et al. 2019

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“…For example, non-diazotrophic cyanobacteria such as Microcystis and Planktothrix tend to produce more microcystin under N-replete conditions, whereas diaztrophs such as Anabaena, Aphanizomenon and Nodularia produce more toxin under N-depleted conditions (Kaebernick and Neilan 2001). A review of the literature suggests that toxin production, and the factors that stimulate toxin biosynthesis, may ultimately be group or strain specific (Paerl et al 2016a). However, one important takeaway from many of these studies is that toxin concentrations tend to be most closely correlated with growth rate as well as abundance (Orr and Jones 1998;Oh et al 2000;Wood et al 2012), except when blooms are primarily composed of non-toxic genotypes (Bozarth et al 2010).…”

Section: The 'Players'mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigating a global expansion of toxic cyanobacterial blooms: confounding effects and challenges posed by climate change

Paerl

Havens

Hall

et al. 2020

Mar. Freshwater Res.

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Managing and mitigating the global expansion of toxic cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) is a major challenge facing researchers and water resource managers. Various approaches, including nutrient load reduction, artificial mixing and flushing, omnivorous fish removal, algaecide applications and sediment dredging, have been used to reduce bloom occurrences. However, managers now face the additional challenge of having to address the effects of climate change on watershed hydrological and nutrient load dynamics, water temperature, mixing regime and internal nutrient cycling. Rising temperatures and increasing frequencies and magnitudes of extreme weather events, including tropical cyclones, extratropical storms, floods and droughts, all promote CyanoHABs and affect the efficacy of ecosystem remediation measures. These climatic changes will likely require setting stricter nutrient (including both nitrogen and phosphorus) reduction targets for bloom control in affected waters. In addition, the efficacy of currently used methods to reduce CyanoHABs will need to be re-evaluated in light of the synergistic effects of climate change with nutrient enrichment.

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“…In lakes and reservoirs, eutrophication is expected to become more widespread in the coming decades as the human population increases and climate and land use change commensurately, placing increasing pressures on freshwaters [ 2 – 4 ], although there is also recognition that eutrophication or its response to management actions does not progress in the same way in all lakes (e.g., [ 5 – 7 ]). Most research to understand lake nutrients and their effects on algae, plants, and aquatic food webs has been conducted in individual or small groups of lakes by studying the complex within-lake mechanisms that control responses to nutrients (e.g., [ 8 , 9 ]). Such relationships and interactions have also been found to be influenced by the ecological context of lakes (i.e., the land use, geologic, climatic, and hydrologic setting of lakes), which varies by lake and region and is multi-scaled.…”

Section: Data Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LAGOS-NE: a multi-scaled geospatial and temporal database of lake ecological context and water quality for thousands of US lakes

et al. 2017

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Understanding the factors that affect water quality and the ecological services provided by freshwater ecosystems is an urgent global environmental issue. Predicting how water quality will respond to global changes not only requires water quality data, but also information about the ecological context of individual water bodies across broad spatial extents. Because lake water quality is usually sampled in limited geographic regions, often for limited time periods, assessing the environmental controls of water quality requires compilation of many data sets across broad regions and across time into an integrated database. LAGOS-NE accomplishes this goal for lakes in the northeastern-most 17 US states.LAGOS-NE contains data for 51 101 lakes and reservoirs larger than 4 ha in 17 lake-rich US states. The database includes 3 data modules for: lake location and physical characteristics for all lakes; ecological context (i.e., the land use, geologic, climatic, and hydrologic setting of lakes) for all lakes; and in situ measurements of lake water quality for a subset of the lakes from the past 3 decades for approximately 2600–12 000 lakes depending on the variable. The database contains approximately 150 000 measures of total phosphorus, 200 000 measures of chlorophyll, and 900 000 measures of Secchi depth. The water quality data were compiled from 87 lake water quality data sets from federal, state, tribal, and non-profit agencies, university researchers, and citizen scientists. This database is one of the largest and most comprehensive databases of its type because it includes both in situ measurements and ecological context data. Because ecological context can be used to study a variety of other questions about lakes, streams, and wetlands, this database can also be used as the foundation for other studies of freshwaters at broad spatial and ecological scales.

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Moving towards adaptive management of cyanotoxin‐impaired water bodies

Cited by 14 publications

References 102 publications

Spatio-temporal variation of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in public supply reservoirs of the semi-arid region of Brazil

Spatio-temporal variation of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in public supply reservoirs of the semi-arid region of Brazil

Mitigating a global expansion of toxic cyanobacterial blooms: confounding effects and challenges posed by climate change

LAGOS-NE: a multi-scaled geospatial and temporal database of lake ecological context and water quality for thousands of US lakes

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