MPEG-21 digital item Processing

Keukelaere, Frederik De; Zutter, Saar De; Walle, Rik Van de

doi:10.1109/tmm.2005.846792

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Therefore, when a more tailored processing is required for the content of a DI, be it metadata or media resources, an additional layer seems necessary to homogenize the use of MPEG-21, even if only to make some processing operations transparent. A possible solution for this would be the use of Digital Item Processing [20] or the emerging MPEG standard with the working title Presentation of Structured Information (PSI) [21]. Although not experimented by the authors, as it was outside the scope of the proposed work, the use of one of these two approaches may prove to be an efficient solution to solve the identified interoperability problems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The semantics of MPEG-21 digital items revisited

Timmerer

Andrade

Carvalho

et al. 2008

Proceedings of the 2nd ACM Workshop on Multimedia Semantics

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The MPEG-21 standard forms a comprehensive multimedia framework covering the entire multimedia distribution chain. In particular, it provides a flexible approach to represent, process, and transact complex multimedia objects which are referred to as Digital Items (DIs). DIs can be quite generic, independent of the application domain, and can encompass a diversity of media resources and metadata. This flexibility has an impact on the level of interoperability between systems and applications, since not all the functionality needs to be implemented. Furthermore, additional semantic rules may be implemented through the processing of the Digital Item which is possibly driven by proprietary metadata. This jeopardizes interoperability and consequently raises barriers to the successful achievement of augmented and transparent use of multimedia resources. In this context, we have investigated and evaluated the interoperability at the semantic level of Digital Items throughout the automated production, delivery and consumption of complex multimedia resources in heterogeneous environments. This paper describes the studies conducted, the experiments performed, and the conclusions reached towards that goal.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The semantics of MPEG-21 digital items revisited

Timmerer

Andrade

Carvalho

et al. 2008

Proceedings of the 2nd ACM Workshop on Multimedia Semantics

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“…The question what happens when a DID arrives at a terminal remains unanswered so far. The Digital Item Processing (DIP) standard, MPEG-21 Part 10 [7][17], allows Users to add functionality to a DID: on receipt of a DID a list of Digital Item Methods (DIMs) that can be applied to the Digital Item is presented to the User. The User chooses a Method which is then executed by the DIM Engine (DIME).…”

Section: Processing Of Digital Itemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MPEG-21 Multimedia Framework

Timmerer¹,

Hellwagner²

2008

Encyclopedia of Multimedia

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Synonym: Multimedia Framework; ISO/IEC 21000. Definition: The MPEG-21 Multimedia Framework enables transparent and augmented use of multimedia resources across a wide range of networks, devices, user preferences, and communities, notably for trading (of bits). Vision, Strategy, and ToolsThe aim of the MPEG-21 [1-24] standard (ISO/IEC 21000), the so-called Multimedia Framework, is to enable transparent and augmented use of multimedia resources across a wide range of networks, devices, user preferences, and communities, notably for trading (of bits). As such, it represents a new step in MPEG's standards evolution, namely to support the transaction of Digital Items among Users.A Digital Item is a structured digital object with a standard representation and metadata. As such, it is the fundamental unit of transaction and distribution within the MPEG-21 multimedia framework. In order words, it aggregates multimedia resources together with metadata, licenses, identifiers, intellectual property management and protection (IPMP) information, and methods within a standardized structure.A User (please note the upper case "U") is defined as any entity that interacts within this framework or makes use of Digital Items. It is important to note that Users may include individuals as well as communities, organizations, or governments, and that Users are not even restricted to humans, i.e., they may also include intelligent software modules such as agents.The MPEG-21 standard currently comprises 18 parts which can be clustered into six major categories each dealing with different aspect of the Digital Items: declaration (and identification), rights management, adaptation, processing, systems, and miscellaneous aspects (i.e., reference software, conformance, etc.) which are described in the following.

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“…Existing research work has been developed in [5]- [9]. However, most of these solutions for browsing MPEG-21 DIs have portability problems, being often restricted to one type of terminal device or type of application.…”

Section: Overview Of Related Prior Workmentioning

confidence: 99%