MRI and Functional MRI

Bigler, Erin D.; Allen, Mark D.; Stimac, Gary K.

doi:10.1002/9781119968900.ch2

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 33 publications

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“… The use of CT and MRI scans for proving trauma and injury to the brain is well accepted: “In disorders with acute onset, such as head trauma or stroke, an initial CT scan … is the most powerful method of showing the mechanism and acuteness of the injury…. Later scans, particularly MRI, show the final outcome of the head injury, effectively demonstrated by sequential MRI scans that show the loss of brain tissue” (Bigler, Allen, & Stimac, , p. 28).…”

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confidence: 99%

Brain Trauma, PET Scans and Forensic Complexity

Moriarty

Langleben

Provenzale

2013

Behavioral Sci & The Law

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Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique that can be used to show brain function. Courts have admitted PET scan evidence in cases involving brain damage, injury, toxic exposure, or illness ("brain trauma") and to support claims of diminished cognitive abilities and impulse control. Despite the limited data on the relationships between PET, brain trauma and behavior, many courts admit PET scan evidence without much critical analysis. This article examines the use of PET as proof of functional impairment and justification of abnormal behavior by explaining its diagnostic use and limitations, the limited support for claims of its relationship to behavior, and evidentiary considerations that should govern its admission into court as evidence. The authors urge courts to consider PET evidence, claims of experts, and the scope of the proposed testimony with greater deference to the clinical scope of PET, as outlined by the American College of Radiology's appropriateness criteria and the Working Group Report of the American Psychiatric Association.

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confidence: 99%

Brain Trauma, PET Scans and Forensic Complexity

Moriarty

Langleben

Provenzale

2013

Behavioral Sci & The Law

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Structural and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Assessing Sexual Preference

Jordan

Fromberger

Müller

2016

The Wiley Handbook on the Theories, Assessment and Treatment of Sexual Offending

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The assessment of deviant sexual preference has a long tradition in forensic psychiatry and psychology, as it is one of the strongest predictors for sexual offence recidivism. So far, however, the development of a reliable clinical tool for assessing sexual preference based on brain imaging methods has been unsuccessful. Predicated on the extensive research in basic science, this chapter provides an overview of the current knowledge in measuring sexual arousal and sexual preference in healthy subjects and paraphilic patients using functional brain imaging methods. After a description of the most common methods and experimental designs, studies with healthy subjects are discussed, showing a relatively clear network evoked by sexual arousing stimuli. Furthermore, with respect to the main focus of the chapter, imaging studies on assessing sexual preference are of interest. In the following section, neurobiological models of paraphilia, especially paedophilia, are described, and also studies focusing on structural brain abnormalities in paraphilic patients. Moreover, methods for and results of functional brain imaging studies are discussed that address the question of the underlying neuronal basis of sexual preference in paraphilic subjects. Finally, the potential and limitations of the assessment of (deviant) sexual preference using functional magnetic resonance imaging are critically discussed.

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Neuroimaging and Criminal Law

Merkel¹

2014

Handbook of Neuroethics

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MRI and Functional MRI

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

Brain Trauma, PET Scans and Forensic Complexity

Brain Trauma, PET Scans and Forensic Complexity

Structural and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Assessing Sexual Preference

Neuroimaging and Criminal Law

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