MRI-based Brain Healthcare Quotients: A bridge between neural and behavioral analyses for keeping the brain healthy

Nemoto, Kiyotaka; Oka, Hiroki; Fukuda, Hiroki; Yamakawa, Yoshinori

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0187137

Cited by 30 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The robust significance of the BGE suggests that this new coefficient is a good candidate for FC-BHQ and is at least comparable to the already-proposed FA-BHQ (Nemoto et al, 2017), in which the reported R was −0.417. Although further refinement will enable more accurate representation of the age-related modulation of FC among individual subjects, the BGE provides important descriptions about the patterns of regional differences and the implications of GE, in particular, information transferability.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…However, despite the informativeness of age-related GE, proposing a quotient based on whole-brain FC remains an open question, although grey matter volume or fractional anisotropy have been used as sources for computing the Brain Healthcare Quotient (BHQ; Nemoto et al, 2017). In this article, we broaden the scope of monitoring brain health by incorporating functional connectivity into this purpose.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reason of this adjustment is that the interpretation of GE may vary according to different areas of the brain. Our BHQ, which can be calculated using the IQ-like formula: 100 + 15 × (concerned coefficient − mean) / standard deviation, can be named the Functional Connectivity (FC)-BHQ given the previous quotients, Grey-Matter (GM)- BHQ and Fractional Anisotropy (FA)-BHQ (Nemoto et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Area-specific Biased Global Efficiency in Functional Connectivity Provides Features Negatively Correlated with Age

Akama

Ota

2020

Preprint

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12It has been acknowledged that graph-theoretical coefficients computed from the 13 adjacency matrix of cerebral resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) represent 14aging of the brain and its plasticity facilitating cognitive reserve. In particular, global 15 efficiency (GE) has been recognized as a crucial graph index for age-dependent RSFC. 16Using the dataset of the Nathan Kline Institute-Rockland Sample [NKI-RS], we found 17 that the regions of the brain in which GE values decay with age were located in the 18 subcortical zone and the cerebellum, whereas an opposite relationship was found in 19 many frontal and parietal regions. Based on this systematic tendency, a new coefficient 20 was proposed that corrects GE, referred to as biased GE (BGE); BGE is calculated by 21 changing the sign of the weight between the superior and the inferior parts of the brain 22 before separately averaging the respective sign groups of area-specific corrected GE 23 values, to influence the raw global network GE. The BGE showed a significant negative 24 correlation with age, irrespective of the scan condition, and strong consistency as an 25 information source of a subject's identity. We propose that this new index could play an 26 important role in the clinical context of preventive medicine and the maintenance of 27 healthy brains. 28

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Area-specific Biased Global Efficiency in Functional Connectivity Provides Features Negatively Correlated with Age

Akama

Ota

2020

Preprint

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“…In this trial, healthy, middle-to-older aged adults were treated with a beverage containing IAAs (3 mg/190 mL) for 4 weeks. A recently-developed assay of brain function based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) called the Brain Healthcare Quotient (BHQ) based on gray matter volume (GM-BHQ) [43], was significantly improved after the intervention compared to baseline. This preliminary data suggested that IAA treatment effectively modulated human brain activity.…”

Section: Iaas Enhance Cognitive Function Via Activation Of the Vagus mentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Effects of Hop-Derived Bitter Acids in Beer on Cognitive Functions: A New Strategy for Vagus Nerve Stimulation

2020

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Dementia and cognitive decline are global public health problems. Moderate consumption of alcoholic beverages reduces the risk of dementia and cognitive decline. For instance, resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound found in red wine, has been well studied and reported to prevent dementia and cognitive decline. However, the effects of specific beer constituents on cognitive function have not been investigated in as much detail. In the present review, we discuss the latest reports on the effects and underlying mechanisms of hop-derived bitter acids found in beer. Iso-α-acids (IAAs), the main bitter components of beer, enhance hippocampus-dependent memory and prefrontal cortex-associated cognitive function via dopamine neurotransmission activation. Matured hop bitter acids (MHBAs), oxidized components with β-carbonyl moieties derived from aged hops, also enhance memory functions via norepinephrine neurotransmission-mediated mechanisms. Furthermore, the effects of both IAAs and MHBAs are attenuated by vagotomy, suggesting that these bitter acids enhance cognitive function via vagus nerve stimulation. Moreover, supplementation with IAAs attenuates neuroinflammation and cognitive impairments in various rodent models of neurodegeneration including Alzheimer’s disease. Daily supplementation with hop-derived bitter acids (e.g., 35 mg/day of MHBAs) may be a safe and effective strategy to stimulate the vagus nerve and thus enhance cognitive function.

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“…Lastly, using Johns Hopkins University (JHU) DTI-based white-matter atlases 63 , regional FA quotients were extracted and averaged across regions to produce participant-specific FA-BHQs. For more details, please see Nemoto et al 64 . psychological scales.…”

Section: Mri Data Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain condition may mediate the association between training and work engagement

Kokubun

Ogata

Koike

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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over the past two decades, the number of studies on work engagement has increased rapidly. Work engagement refers to a positive, affective-motivational state of high energy combined with high levels of dedication and a strong focus on work, leading to various work-related outcomes, including higher work performance. Several studies have indicated that training or coaching may increase work engagement, but other studies have shown contradicting results. these inconsistencies may be due to the indirectness between training/coaching and work engagement. therefore, we investigated the relationship between training and brain structure as well as between brain structure and work engagement in cognitively normal participants. Brain structure was assessed using neuroimagingderived measures, including the gray-matter brain healthcare quotient (GM-BHQ) and the fractionalanisotropy brain healthcare quotient (FA-BHQ), which are approved as the international standard (H.861.1) by ITU-T. Work engagement was assessed using the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. To validate and enrich the analysis, we employed another two representative questionnaires, which are known to be close to but different from work engagement: The Social interaction Anxiety Scale and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey to gauge the levels of human relation ineffectiveness and burnout. The latter scale is subdivided into three variables including "Exhaustion," "Cynicism," and "Professional Efficacy." The results of the present study indicate that training is associated with an increase of FA-BHQ scores, and that an increase of the FA-BHQ scores is associated with an increase in Work engagement and a decrease in cynicism. on the other hand, the training with coaching was associated with a decrease in Interaction Anxiety. However, no correlation was observed for training with Work Engagement or the subscales of Burnout. Likewise, no correlation was observed for FA-BHQ with Exhaustion, Professional Efficacy, and Interaction Anxiety. The results of the current research provide the possibility to use brain information to evaluate training effectiveness from the viewpoint of neuroscience.Over the past two decades, the number of studies on work engagement has increased rapidly. Work engagement refers to a positive, affective-motivational state of high energy combined with high levels of dedication and a strong focus on work 1 . Contemporary public and private organizations should have engaged employees because previous research suggests that high work engagement leads to work performance 2-6 , innovative behavior 7 , job satisfaction, lower turnover intention 8-12 , high levels of creativity, task performance, organizational citizenship behavior, client satisfaction 13 , greater profitability, shareholder returns, productivity, and customer satisfaction [14][15][16] .The research into employee engagement has been informative and useful, but up until now has tended to focus solely on what organizations can do to engage their employees (e.g. training supervis...

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MRI-based Brain Healthcare Quotients: A bridge between neural and behavioral analyses for keeping the brain healthy

Cited by 30 publications

References 43 publications

Area-specific Biased Global Efficiency in Functional Connectivity Provides Features Negatively Correlated with Age

Area-specific Biased Global Efficiency in Functional Connectivity Provides Features Negatively Correlated with Age

Improving Effects of Hop-Derived Bitter Acids in Beer on Cognitive Functions: A New Strategy for Vagus Nerve Stimulation

Brain condition may mediate the association between training and work engagement

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