MRI characteristics of syringomyelia associated with foramen magnum arachnoiditis: differentiation from Chiari malformation

Acute supratentorial subdural hematoma after craniocervical junction arachnolysis in a patient with posttraumatic syringomyelia; case report and literature review

“…Spinal adhesive arachnoiditis (SAA) is referred to formation of multiple arachnoid membranes in SAS due to various pathologies, mainly caused by inflammation. 1,5 It can lead to neural structures compression due to tethering, mass effect and alteration in CSF circulation and dynamics. [2][3][4] In CVJ, mainly due to TB and sarcoidosis, it has been associated with syrinx formation and tethering of cerebellum and brainstem leading to neurological manifestation.…”

Acute Supratentorial Subdural Hematoma after Craniocervical Junction Arachnolysis in a Patient with Posttraumatic Syringomyelia; Case Report and Literature Review

“…Communicating syringomyelia is a condition of backflow resistance of CSF from spinal central canal or SAS to cranial regions. Some reasons have been shown to be responsible for these situations, like: trauma, infection, postsurgical and due to Thecal sac injections or manipulations (4,5,9). Communicating syringomyelia can be diagnosed in radiological investigations.…”

“…SAA is a condition of forming multiple arachnoid membranes due to various pathologies, mainly caused by inflammation (1,5). It can lead to neural structures compression due to tethering, mass effect and alteration in CSF circulation and dynamics (2)(3)(4).…”

“…Trauma, infection, subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and iatrogenic causes such as surgery or epidural/subdural injections are among the most reported causes in literature (1)(2)(3). It has gained various names in the literature like: foramen magnum arachnoiditis (FMA), basal arachnoiditis, hindbrain arachnoiditis, chronic arachnoiditis at the foramen magnum, and arachnoiditis at the craniocervical junction (3)(4)(5). SAA is associated with different clinical presentations including progressive myelopathy, quadriparesis, spastic gate, syrinx formation, myelopathy and radicular symptoms (1,2,(5)(6)(7)(8).…”

“…It has gained various names in the literature like: foramen magnum arachnoiditis (FMA), basal arachnoiditis, hindbrain arachnoiditis, chronic arachnoiditis at the foramen magnum, and arachnoiditis at the craniocervical junction (3)(4)(5). SAA is associated with different clinical presentations including progressive myelopathy, quadriparesis, spastic gate, syrinx formation, myelopathy and radicular symptoms (1,2,(5)(6)(7)(8). Although numerous theories have been presented, the most agreed and common basis is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) accumulation distal to its normal passage blockade site in central canal or spinal cord interstitial space (9)(10)(11)(12).…”