MRI features associated with high likelihood of conversion of radiologically isolated syndrome to multiple sclerosis

Bisulca, Joseph; Lury, Amy De; Coyle, Patricia K.; Syritsyna, Olga; Peyster, Robert G.; Bangiyev, Lev; Duong, Timothy Q.

doi:10.1016/j.msard.2019.101381

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Also, cervical involvement has been remarkably higher in patients with RIS progressed to SPMS than in other subtypes (1). Bisulca et al identified that the development of cervical plaques was an independent predictor of the conversion of RIS to CIS or MS (13), a hypothesis that has been opposed by some other reports (42).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…On the other hand, some studies have suggested the appearance of infratentorial lesions as an adverse prognostic factor predicting the progression of RIS to more advanced subtypes of MS (27) and the development of clinical symptoms (16). In contrast, others have noted that the site of lesions may have a poor predictive value for RIS progression (13,16). Nevertheless, the emergence of an infratentorial or cervical lesion may herald RIS transformation into one of the symptomatic phenotypes of MS (29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This syndrome is usually an incidental finding in MRI performed for other reasons unrelated to MS symptoms, such as migraine, other types of headaches, or trauma. This syndrome is a rare condition with a rate of 0.8 cases per 100000 person-years (11,12) and is believed to be a precursor of RRMS or PPMS; however, not all patients diagnosed with RIS would develop MS (13). The RIS introduced by Okuda et al in 2009 (14,15), followed by considerable changes in its diagnostic criteria by McDonald et al in 2017, noting that dissemination in space (DIS) can also be a manifestation of RIS (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sociodemographic and Neuroimaging Evaluation of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis and Radiologically Isolated Syndrome in Isfahan, Iran

et al. 2023

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Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is categorized into four subtypes, including clinically-isolated syndrome (CIS), primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS), secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS), and relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). On the other hand, radiologically-isolated syndrome (RIS) is characterized by the imaging manifestations of MS rather than its clinical symptoms. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the sociodemographic and neuroimaging findings of different MS phenotypes and RIS. Methods: The current cross-sectional study was conducted on 3716 patients at the Multiple Sclerosis Clinic of Kashani Hospital, Isfahan, Iran, from June 2018 to April 2019. Patients presenting with RIS, CIS, and MS were included in this study. Results: The age of disease onset was remarkably lower in patients with RRMS, while the body mass index was significantly higher in RIS (P-value < 0.05). Other factors, including gender, occupation, marital status, smoking, and family history of MS, showed no significant difference (P-value > 0.05). Neuroimaging assessments revealed significant differences in terms of the location of the plaques, the activity of the plaques, brain atrophy, lesion load, the number of cervical plaques, and the presence of longitudinally-extended transverse myelitis (P-value < 0.05), but not regarding the activity of cervical and thoracolumbar plaques and the number of thoracolumbar lesions (P-value > 0.05). Conclusions: Different MS phenotypes showed variations in terms of sociodemographic and neuroimaging characteristics. Follow-up studies are recommended to determine the risk factors predicting the conversion of RIS and CIS to other MS phenotypes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sociodemographic and Neuroimaging Evaluation of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis and Radiologically Isolated Syndrome in Isfahan, Iran

et al. 2023

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“…12,25 Additionally, the number of lesions and their location in the brain are not a strong predictor of clinical conversion. 26 A few studies have found the presence of infratentorial lesions to be predictive of clinical conversion, 24,27 while others have not. 12,25,28 Lebrun et al 28 suggested that the criteria for high-risk RIS should include younger age, the presence of gadolinium-enhancing lesions, and abnormal visual-evoked potentials.…”

Section: Evolution To Msmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Older men with spinal cord lesions and RIS had a higher rate of conversion to primary-progressive MS. 29 CSF biomarkers have also been studied in patients with RIS. Oligoclonal bands have been the most important CSF biomarker to predict clinical conversion to MS. 26 In the 2017 McDonald MS criteria, oligoclonal bands can replace DIT. 1 Smaller cohorts have shown a higher risk if patients have elevated interleukin 8, 30 neurofilament light chain, 31 and immunoglobulin G indexes 23 in the spinal fluid.…”

Section: Evolution To Msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiologically Isolated Syndrome: A Review for Neuroradiologists

Hosseiny

Newsome

Yousem³

2020

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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Radiologically isolated syndrome refers to an entity in which white matter lesions fulfilling the criteria for multiple sclerosis occur in individuals without a history of a clinical demyelinating attack or alternative etiology. Since its introduction in 2009, the diagnostic criteria of radiologically isolated syndrome and its clinical relevance have been widely debated by neurologists and radiologists. The aim of the present study was to review the following: 1) historical evolution of radiologically isolated syndrome criteria, 2) clinical and imaging findings in adults and children with radiologically isolated syndrome, 3) imaging features of patients with radiologically isolated syndrome at high risk for conversion to MS, and 4) challenges and controversies for work-up, management, and therapeutic interventions of patients with radiologically isolated syndrome. ABBREVIATIONS: CIS ¼ clinically isolated syndrome; DIS ¼ dissemination in space; DIT ¼ dissemination in time; MAGNIMS ¼ Magnetic Resonance Imaging in MS; RIS ¼ radiologically isolated syndrome; RRMS ¼ relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis; CADASIL ¼ cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy; ADEM ¼ acute disseminated encephalomyelitis

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Multiple sclerosis: Clinical course, open questions, unmet clinical needs

Zurawski,

Weiner

2024

Mechanisms of Disease Pathogenesis in Multiple Sclerosis

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MRI features associated with high likelihood of conversion of radiologically isolated syndrome to multiple sclerosis

Cited by 13 publications

References 42 publications

Sociodemographic and Neuroimaging Evaluation of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis and Radiologically Isolated Syndrome in Isfahan, Iran

Sociodemographic and Neuroimaging Evaluation of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis and Radiologically Isolated Syndrome in Isfahan, Iran

Radiologically Isolated Syndrome: A Review for Neuroradiologists

Multiple sclerosis: Clinical course, open questions, unmet clinical needs

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