MRI of a middle ear cholesteatoma in a cat

Herberger, Arielle; Hammond, James; Miller, Andrew D.; Olson, B. V.

doi:10.1111/vru.13137

Cited by 3 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…2,3,5,7,8,11,12 Clinical signs in dogs include otorrhea, ear scratching, head shaking, pain and neurological signs. 2,4,5 By contrast, the clinical signs reported in the first feline report 7 were lethargy, vocalization and snorting with late onset of neurological signs, while in the other report, 8 unilateral Horner and facial nerve paralysis were present. In this report, both cats had unilateral otitis and case 1 had neurological signs, similar to dogs and the first feline report.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 The presence of the findings of keratinic material and connective tissue in the middle ear has been considered adequate to diagnose cholesteatoma. 2,8,11,12 However, an otologic history and otoscopic examination with histopathological findings and advanced imaging are important to support the diagnosis. 2,3,5,7,8,11,12 Clinical signs in dogs include otorrhea, ear scratching, head shaking, pain and neurological signs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,8,11,12 However, an otologic history and otoscopic examination with histopathological findings and advanced imaging are important to support the diagnosis. 2,3,5,7,8,11,12 Clinical signs in dogs include otorrhea, ear scratching, head shaking, pain and neurological signs. 2,4,5 By contrast, the clinical signs reported in the first feline report 7 were lethargy, vocalization and snorting with late onset of neurological signs, while in the other report, 8 unilateral Horner and facial nerve paralysis were present.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] There is limited information of aural cholesteatoma in cats, with only two cases reported in the literature. 7,8 Aural cholesteatoma has been uncommonly reported in dogs. [1][2][3][4][5] The diagnosis of cholesteatoma in dogs is usually performed by CT, video-otoscopy with visualization of characteristic pearly white or yellow growth through the external ear canal, and histopathology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 –6 There is limited information of aural cholesteatoma in cats, with only two cases reported in the literature. 7,8…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Middle ear cholesteatoma in two cats diagnosed with the aid of video-otoscopy

Botelho,

Tortoriello,

Koch

et al. 2023

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports

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Case series summary The present report describes middle ear cholesteatoma in two cats and also the use of video-otoscopy and flushing to assist with the diagnosis. CT and video-otoscopic examination and flushing were performed in two cats, a 13-year-old mixed breed spayed female cat and a 1-year-old mixed breed male cat, with middle ear cholesteatomas. During the procedure, keratinous material from the middle ears was collected for histopathological evaluation, demonstrating findings consistent with cholesteatoma, and the middle ears were flushed extensively. Relevance and novel information There is little information about middle ear cholesteatoma in cats, and to the authors’ knowledge, there are no reports in cats investigating the use of video-otoscopy to aid in the diagnosis of aural cholesteatoma, and this report demonstrates that it can aid in the diagnosis of this condition in cats. In addition, one of the cats had a concurrent otic polyp, which has not been previously reported in cats with cholesteatoma. Additionally, this is the first report of cholesteatoma in a young cat. The access to the cholesteatoma material was via ventral bulla osteotomy in one cat and via external canal without video-otoscopy in the other. More information regarding cholesteatoma in cats will help identify potential similarities and differences of this condition in cats compared with humans and dogs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 –6 There is limited information of aural cholesteatoma in cats, with only two cases reported in the literature. 7,8…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Middle ear cholesteatoma in two cats diagnosed with the aid of video-otoscopy

Botelho,

Tortoriello,

Koch

et al. 2023

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports

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Neurologic symptoms due to cholesteatoma in a cat with lysis of the temporal and occipital bone demonstrated by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging

Utzmann,

Slunsky,

Bosch

et al. 2024

Vet Record Case Reports

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A 7‐year‐old cat was presented with vestibular signs. The cat had a history of a presumed aural polyp that had been removed via ventral bulla osteotomy 4 years prior to presentation, followed by bacterial otitis externa and media that had been treated medically and healed within 8 weeks. At representation, computed‐tomographic imaging and video‐otoscopy showed obstruction of the right tympanic bulla by a heterogeneous mass, severe lysis of the surrounding bones, and pale, friable material within the horizonal external ear canal, extruding from the middle ear. The bacterial culture was negative. Histopathologic examinations supported the diagnosis of cholesteatoma. Due to the rapid progression of the disease, the cat was humanely euthanased 2 months later. Before euthanasia, magnetic resonance imaging documented the worsening of the disease, with an increased size of the expansile lesion and progressive changes in the adjacent structures. Furthermore, additional signs of otitis interna were visible.

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Characteristics and diagnostic performance of nonechoplanar diffusion‐weighted imaging in detecting canine tympanokeratoma (cholesteatoma)

Coeuriot,

Gaillot,

Agoulon

et al. 2024

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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Tympanokeratomas (cholesteatomas) are destructive keratinic masses of the middle ear that are often treated surgically. In humans, nonechoplanar (non‐EP) diffusion‐weighted (DW) MRI is efficient in diagnosing tympanokeratomas and differentiating recurrent tympanokeratomas from granulation or fibrous tissue after surgery. The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the characteristics of non‐EP DWI of histologically or cytologically confirmed canine tympanokeratomas, (2) determine the performance of non‐EP DW images, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map and ADC values in discriminating between tympanokeratomas and other causes of otitis media in dogs, and (3) find an optimal ADC cut‐off value. Medical records of dogs diagnosed on MRI with otitis media in two veterinary hospitals were retrospectively reviewed. Sixty‐two ears with a cytological or pathological diagnosis of either tympanokeratoma (36/62) or nontympanokeratoma otitis media (26/62) were selected. Diffusion‐weighted images had an accuracy of 77.4%, a sensitivity of 94.4%, and a specificity of 53.8% for the detection of tympanokeratoma. The ADC value of middle ear content ranged from 517 to 1355.10−6 mm2/s in tympanokeratoma and from 454 to 2447 × 10−6 mm2/s in nontympanokeratoma otitis media. An ADC value below 916 × 10−6 mm2/s interpreted as a tympanokeratoma yielded an accuracy of 78.7%, a sensitivity of 92.6%, and a specificity of 60%. In the study population, combined qualitative analysis of DW images and ADC maps was the most effective method for diagnosing tympanokeratomas with an accuracy of 80.9%, a sensitivity of 92.6%, and a specificity of 65%.

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MRI of a middle ear cholesteatoma in a cat

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

Middle ear cholesteatoma in two cats diagnosed with the aid of video-otoscopy

Middle ear cholesteatoma in two cats diagnosed with the aid of video-otoscopy

Neurologic symptoms due to cholesteatoma in a cat with lysis of the temporal and occipital bone demonstrated by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging

Characteristics and diagnostic performance of nonechoplanar diffusion‐weighted imaging in detecting canine tympanokeratoma (cholesteatoma)

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