MRI of Patients With Cardiac Pacemakers: A Review of the Medical Literature

Zikria, Joseph F.; Machnicki, Stephen; Rhim, Eugene S.; Bhatti, Tandeep; Graham, Robert

doi:10.2214/ajr.10.4239

Cited by 45 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 40 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A review of 15 in vivo publications between 1996 and 2008 summarized the experience of a total of 1419 MRI examinations in CIED recipients, with no deaths reported [26]. The majority of the MRI scans were extra-thoracic and few patients were pacemaker dependent.…”

Section: Clinical Studies With Non-mri Conditional Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety of Implanted Cardiac Devices in an MRI Environment

İpek

Nazarian

2015

Curr Cardiol Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has evolved into an essential diagnostic modality for the evaluation of various conditions. In line with the increase in MRI applications, the use of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) is growing and many of the CEID recipients of today may require MRI examinations in the future. Traditionally, MRI examination of CIED recipients has been considered a contraindication. However, recent studies have provided strong evidence that MRI can safely be performed in selected patients with specific precautions. This review highlights the interactions of MRI with CIEDs, summarizes the literature, and outlines the Johns Hopkins Safety Protocol.

show abstract

Section: Clinical Studies With Non-mri Conditional Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety of Implanted Cardiac Devices in an MRI Environment

İpek

Nazarian

2015

Curr Cardiol Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This number is probably an underestimation of the real number of fatalities, since there are several cases of patients with a cardiac pacemaker who died after exposure to MRI that have never been reported in the medical literature but have come to light via the general press or the legal system 29. However, it should also be noted that a firm causal relationship has seldom been established, and that most of these deaths occurred in patients with older pacemaker models undergoing MRI without appropriate programming or physician-supervised monitoring 28,30…”

Section: Mri In Patients With Conventional Pacemakers: Feasible?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mri In Patients With Conventional Pacemakers: Feasible?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent review of 15 human studies involving 1,419 MRI scans (mostly nonthoracic) reported no serious adverse events, although 65% of these were performed in patients with MRI-conditional devices 30. Without accounting for these, 49% of the examinations did not result in any significant changes in pacemaker function after the scan 30. A multicenter registry of clinically indicated nonthoracic MRI at 1.5 T for patients with non-MRI-conditional pacemakers and implantable cardioverter defibrillators implanted after 2001 is currently underway 46.…”

Section: Mri In Patients With Conventional Pacemakers: Feasible?mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

MRI-conditional pacemakers: current perspectives

Ferreira¹,

Costa²,

Tralhão³

et al. 2014

MDER

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Use of both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and pacing devices has undergone remarkable growth in recent years, and it is estimated that the majority of patients with pacemakers will need an MRI during their lifetime. These investigations will generally be denied due to the potentially dangerous interactions between cardiac devices and the magnetic fields and radio frequency energy used in MRI. Despite the increasing reports of uneventful scanning in selected patients with conventional pacemakers under close surveillance, MRI is still contraindicated in those circumstances and cannot be considered a routine procedure. These limitations prompted a series of modifications in generator and lead engineering, designed to minimize interactions that could compromise device function and patient safety. The resulting MRI-conditional pacemakers were first introduced in 2008 and the clinical experience gathered so far supports their safety in the MRI environment if certain conditions are fulfilled. With this technology, new questions and controversies arise regarding patient selection, clinical impact, and cost-effectiveness. In this review, we discuss the potential risks of MRI in patients with electronic cardiac devices and present updated information regarding the features of MRI-conditional pacemakers and the clinical experience with currently available models. Finally, we provide some guidance on how to scan patients who have these devices and discuss future directions in the field.

show abstract

“…The overwhelming majority of implanted devices are considered a contraindication to MRI by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and by devices manufacturers [2]. Exposure to electromagnetic fields could cause variations in sensing, lead impedance and capture threshold.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%