MRI study of the changes in crystalline lens shape with accommodation and aging in humans

Kasthurirangan, Sanjeev; Markwell, Emma L.; Atchison, David A.; Pope, James Gray

doi:10.1167/11.3.19

Cited by 112 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…In agreement with previous studies, we report that, with accommodation, lens thickness increases [2, 5-7, 10, 14-20], while lens equatorial diameter [5-7, 10, 14-17] and ciliary body ring diameter decrease [14][15][16][17]21]. Table 4 is a summary of changes in lens thickness, lens diameter and ciliary ring diameter for our study and for previous in vivo studies using various methodologies, together with a recent in-vitro study [22].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Change in human lens dimensions, lens refractive index distribution and ciliary body ring diameter with accommodation

Khan

Pope

Verkicharla

et al. 2018

Biomed. Opt. Express

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Abstract:We investigated changes in ciliary body ring diameter, lens dimensions and lens refractive index distributions with accommodation in young adults. A 3T clinical magnetic resonance imaging scanner imaged right eyes of 38 18-29 year old participants using a multiple spin echo sequence to determine accommodation-induced changes along lens axial and equatorial directions. Accommodation stimuli were approximately 1 D and 5 D. With accommodation, ciliary body ring diameter, and equatorial lens diameter decreased (-0.43 ± 0.31 mm and -0.30 ± 0.23 mm, respectively), and axial lens thickness increased ( + 0.34 ± 0.16 mm). Lens shape changes cause redistribution of the lens internal structure, leading to change in refractive index distribution profiles. With accommodation, in the axial direction refractive index profiles became flatter in the center and steeper near the periphery of the lens, while in the equatorial direction they became steeper in the center and flatter in the periphery. The results suggest that the anatomical accuracy of lens optical models can be improved by accounting for changes in the refractive index profile during accommodation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Change in human lens dimensions, lens refractive index distribution and ciliary body ring diameter with accommodation

Khan

Pope

Verkicharla

et al. 2018

Biomed. Opt. Express

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“…10 A more recent study estimated it to be approximately 1000 lm in young eyes (mean 22 years) and approximately 650 lm in older eyes (mean 63 years). 11 Therefore, we should have covered the physiologic range with our stretching experiments, with a mean circumlental space of 1046 lm and experimental zonular elongation between 0 and approximately 700 lm (Fig. 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elastic Properties of Human Lens Zonules as a Function of Age in Presbyopes

Michael¹,

Mikielewicz²,

Gordillo³

et al. 2012

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PURPOSE.To investigate the elastic properties of human lens zonules as a function of age in presbyopes.METHODS. We studied 16 presbyopic human donor eyes (ages 47-97). Anterior eye sections with crystalline lens, zonules, ciliary body, and sclera were stretched radially. The stretching device consisted of a chamber filled with balanced salt solution and eight radial hooks to hold the anterior eye section. Radial stretching was created with a stepper motor connected to a digital outside micrometer for linear displacement and digital balance for force measurement. Three eye globes were used to test our methodology. For 13 eye globes, the spring constant, elastic modulus of the zonular system, and Young's modulus of the zonules were calculated. RESULTS.We found linear dependence for force-elongation and force-strain relationships at all ages. In young presbyopic eyes (ages 47-60), the Young's modulus of the zonules was 340 mN/ mm 2 , whereas in older eyes (ages 83-97) it was significantly lower at 270 mN/mm 2 . However, the correlation coefficient between Young's modulus and age (47-97 years) was not significant with P ¼ 0.063. CONCLUSIONS.The zonular system in presbyopic eyes was linear elastic, and the Young's modulus of the zonules decreased 20% from presbyopic age to late presbyopic age. However, there was no significant correlation between Young's modulus and age in presbyopes. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012;53:6109-6114)

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“…The crystalline lens and/or the ciliary muscle have been imaged at static accommodation states using MRI [4][5][6][7][8], ultrasound [9][10][11], Scheimpflug imaging [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] and transscleral imaging with commercial time-domain (TD) OCT systems operating at wavelengths around 1300 nm [19][20][21][22][23][24]. These longer wavelengths enhance light penetration through the sclera and improve the visibility of the ciliary muscle in the OCT images.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of the ciliary muscle and crystalline lens interaction during accommodation with synchronous OCT imaging

Ruggeri¹,

Freitas²,

Williams³

et al. 2016

Biomed. Opt. Express

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Two SD-OCT systems and a dual channel accommodation target were combined and precisely synchronized to simultaneously image the anterior segment and the ciliary muscle during dynamic accommodation. The imaging system simultaneously generates two synchronized OCT image sequences of the anterior segment and ciliary muscle with an imaging speed of 13 frames per second. The system was used to acquire OCT image sequences of a non-presbyopic and a pre-presbyopic subject accommodating in response to step changes in vergence. The image sequences were processed to extract dynamic morphological data from the crystalline lens and the ciliary muscle. The synchronization between the OCT systems allowed the precise correlation of anatomical changes occurring in the crystalline lens and ciliary muscle at identical time points during accommodation. To describe the dynamic interaction between the crystalline lens and ciliary muscle, we introduce accommodation state diagrams that display the relation between anatomical changes occurring in the accommodating crystalline lens and ciliary muscle.

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MRI study of the changes in crystalline lens shape with accommodation and aging in humans

Cited by 112 publications

References 72 publications

Change in human lens dimensions, lens refractive index distribution and ciliary body ring diameter with accommodation

Change in human lens dimensions, lens refractive index distribution and ciliary body ring diameter with accommodation

Elastic Properties of Human Lens Zonules as a Function of Age in Presbyopes

Quantification of the ciliary muscle and crystalline lens interaction during accommodation with synchronous OCT imaging

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