mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Anaphylaxis: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Evaluation

Jaggers, Jordon; Wolfson, Anna R.

doi:10.1007/s11882-023-01065-2

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The HVTN 133 trial was complicated by two notable AEs, one a delayed reaction of large local erythema at the injection sites one week after vaccination, and the other an occurrence of a delayed anaphylaxis reaction attributed to PEG in the immunogen, that interrupted the trial. Both types of allergic reactions have been associated with COVID mRNA/LNP vaccination (40, 41) with anaphylaxis occurring in adults in 5 per million doses (42) and in 12.8 per million in children and adolescents (43). One study has demonstrated basophils sensitized by anti-PEG antibodies in COVID vaccine recipients with a history of post-vaccine anaphylaxis (28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A HIV-1 Gp41 Peptide-Liposome Vaccine Elicits Neutralizing Epitope-Targeted Antibody Responses in Healthy Individuals

Erdmann,

Williams,

Walsh

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: HIV-1 vaccine development is a global health priority. Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) which target the HIV-1 gp41 membrane-proximal external region (MPER) have some of the highest neutralization breadth. An MPER peptide-liposome vaccine has been found to expand bnAb precursors in monkeys. Methods: The HVTN133 phase 1 clinical trial (NCT03934541) studied the MPER-peptide liposome immunogen in 24 HIV-1 seronegative individuals. Participants were recruited between 15 July 2019 and 18 October 2019 and were randomized in a dose-escalation design to either 500 mcg or 2000 mcg of the MPER-peptide liposome or placebo. Four intramuscular injections were planned at months 0, 2, 6, and 12. Results: The trial was stopped prematurely due to an anaphylaxis reaction in one participant ultimately attributed to vaccine-associated polyethylene glycol. The immunogen induced robust immune responses, including MPER+ serum and blood CD4+ T-cell responses in 95% and 100% of vaccinees, respectively, and 35% (7/20) of vaccine recipients had blood IgG memory B cells with MPER-bnAb binding phenotype. Affinity purification of plasma MPER+ IgG demonstrated tier 2 HIV-1 neutralizing activity in two of five participants after 3 immunizations. Conclusions: MPER-peptide liposomes induced gp41 serum neutralizing epitope-targeted antibodies and memory B-cell responses in humans despite the early termination of the study. These results suggest that the MPER region is a promising target for a candidate HIV vaccine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A HIV-1 Gp41 Peptide-Liposome Vaccine Elicits Neutralizing Epitope-Targeted Antibody Responses in Healthy Individuals

Erdmann,

Williams,

Walsh

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Similarly, urticaria and certain skin allergic reactions can fall into this category [25]. Anaphylaxis is diagnosed based on clinical presentation and occurs rarely with COVID-19 vaccines, typically without lasting effects [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Report of Nationwide COVID-19 Vaccine Compensation in Taiwan

Lu,

Huang,

Chi

et al. 2024

Healthcare

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The potential adverse effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccinations raise public concerns. Data from Taiwan’s Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (VICP) can provide valuable insights. This study analyzed the preliminary application data for COVID-19 vaccine compensation in Taiwan’s VICP, focusing on applicants receiving vaccines between March 2021 and June 2022. Among the 2941 adverse events, 113 cases (3.8%) were deemed causally associated with vaccination, 313 (10.6%) were indeterminate, and 2515 (85.5%) had no causal association. Nearly half (47.6%) of the applicants were over 60 years old, and 76.6% had a history of pre-existing chronic diseases. Among the 426 vaccine-associated or indeterminate cases, the most common causes were hematological diseases and thrombosis. There were 920 mortality cases reported, and 97.4% were unassociated with vaccination. Only five deaths were judged to be associated with the COVID-19 vaccination, all involving the adenovirus vector vaccine and thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome. In conclusion, most compensation applications were not causally linked to vaccination. Compared to other countries, the number of applications in Taiwan’s VICP is relatively high. These findings may indicate a need to adjust the application requirements for compensation in Taiwan’s program.

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“…The rate of allergic reactions to the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine is higher in patients with a history of high-risk allergies. 59 , 60 As we know, allergic asthma is the most common type of asthma and is accompanied by eosinophilic airway inflammation, massive mucus production, airway hyper-responsiveness, and reversible airway obstruction. Asthmatic patients have been reported to experience significant bronchospasm within 10–20 minutes after the first dose of the mRNA COVID-19 vaccine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significant association between asthma and a lower risk of mortality among COVID-19 patients in Spain: A meta-analysis

Shi,

Han,

Wang

et al. 2024

Qatar Medical Journal

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Background: Various prevalences of asthma in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been reported in different regions, and the association between asthma and COVID-19 subsequent mortality has been in debate. Thus, this study aimed to investigate whether there was a significant association between asthma and COVID-19 mortality in Spain through a meta-analysis. Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were strictly complied with conducting this study. The pooled odds ratio (OR) with a corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated by a random-effects model. The I 2 statistics for heterogeneity, sensitivity analysis for robustness, Begg’s test, and Egger’s test for publication bias, along with subgroup analyses for confounding bias, were also performed to support the foundation of this study. Results: The meta-analysis revealed that asthma was significantly associated with a lower risk of mortality among COVID-19 patients in Spain with a random-effects model (pooled OR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.69–0.88, I 2 = 35%). Further subgroup analyses by male proportion and sample size also indicated that a statistically significant negative correlation did exist between asthma and COVID-19 mortality. Robustness and no publication on-bias were evidenced by sensitivity analysis, Egger’s test, and Begg’s test, respectively. Conclusion: In conclusion, patients with asthma were found to have a lower risk of mortality from COVID-19 in Spain, especially among elderly patients. In addition, asthmatic patients infected with COVID-19 may be at risk of death compared to non-asthmatic patients, which is not a cause for undue concern, thereby reducing the burden of medication.

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mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Anaphylaxis: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Evaluation

Cited by 13 publications

References 42 publications

A HIV-1 Gp41 Peptide-Liposome Vaccine Elicits Neutralizing Epitope-Targeted Antibody Responses in Healthy Individuals

A HIV-1 Gp41 Peptide-Liposome Vaccine Elicits Neutralizing Epitope-Targeted Antibody Responses in Healthy Individuals

Preliminary Report of Nationwide COVID-19 Vaccine Compensation in Taiwan

Significant association between asthma and a lower risk of mortality among COVID-19 patients in Spain: A meta-analysis

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