MSC-based therapy in female pelvic floor disorders

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), also referred to as multipotent stromal cells or mesenchymal stromal cells, are present in multiple tissues and capable of differentiating into diverse cell lineages, holding a great promise in developing cell-based therapy for a wide range of conditions. Pelvic floor disorders (PFDs) is a common degenerative disease in women and may diminish a woman’s quality of life at any age. Since the treatments for this disease are limited by the high rates of recurrence and surgical complications, seeking an ideal therapy in the restoration of pelvic floor function is an urgent issue at present. Herein, we summarize the cell sources of MSCs used for PFDs and discuss the potential mechanisms of MSCs in treating PFDs. Specifically, we also provide a comprehensive review of current preclinical and clinical trials dedicated to investigating MSC-based therapy for PFDs. The novel therapy has presented promising therapeutic effects which include relieving the symptoms of urinary or fecal incontinence, improving the biological properties of implanted meshes and promoting the injured tissue repair. Nevertheless, MSC-based therapies for PFDs are still experimental and the unstated issues on their safety and efficacy should be carefully addressed before their clinical applications.

[Retracted] Mesenchymal Stem Cell‐Derived Exosomes and Their Potential Agents in Hematological Diseases

“…It uncovered more than 1000 clinical trials when we searched the keywords "mesenchymal stem cell" or "mesenchymal stromal cell" in the ClinicalTrials.gov database (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/, accessed on June 2021). Despite the tremendous achievements made in MSCs therapy [3,[7][8][9][10][11], there are several limitations toward their clinical translation, such as invasive cell collection procedures, orchestrated engraftment steps, low posttransplantation cell viability, poor homing, and multiple doses to maintain the therapeutic effects [12][13][14][15]. Promisingly, accumulating experimental and clinical studies reveal that the powerful therapeutic agents of MSCs are mainly exerted by their paracrine effects, in particularly by exosomes [13,[16][17][18][19].…”

Perinatal mesenchymal stromal cells of the human decidua restore continence in rats with stress urinary incontinence induced by simulated birth trauma and regulate senescence of fibroblasts from women with stress urinary incontinence

“…six weeks after VD, showed that DMSC treatment increased the integrity of the muscle fibers of the EUS, in which little ECM infiltration and larger elastic fibers were found, compared with the extensive disruption of the muscle fibers found in the EUS of untreated animals. MSC isolated from muscle ( Cui et al, 2018 ; Bortolini et al, 2019 ), urine ( Wu et al, 2019 ), and adipose tissue ( Cui et al, 2018 ; Ni et al, 2018 ) have also been used experimentally in the VD animal model of SUI, showing that MSC induced morphological and histological regeneration and improved urinary function in rats through a paracrine process ( Sima and Chen, 2020 ). This paracrine effect could be stimulated, at least in part, by the hypoxic microenvironment generated by the VD.…”

“…There are many sources of MSC such as bone marrow, adipose tissue, or perinatal derivatives, among others ( Ledesma-Martinez et al, 2016 ; Torre and Flores, 2020 ; Gao et al, 2021 ; Krawczenko and Klimczak, 2022 ). MSC transplantation has been tested in preclinical SUI models and has been shown to be safe, feasible, and effective in repairing tissue deficiencies ( Sima and Chen, 2020 ; Maiborodin et al, 2022 ). MSC from different tissues have been tested in these preclinical models such as from bone marrow ( Janssen et al, 2019 ), adipose tissue ( Cui et al, 2018 ; Ni et al, 2018 ), dental pulp ( Zordani et al, 2019 ), urine ( Wu et al, 2019 ), and muscle ( Bilhar et al, 2018 ; Cui et al, 2018 ).…”

Exosomes Derived by SIRT1-Overexpressing Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improve Pubococcygeus Muscle Injury in Rats

“…BMSCs were seeded in 12-well plates at the density of 1×10 4 /well for 24 h. BMSCs were transduced with lentivirus expressing SIRT1 or control vector (lentivirus-SIRT1 and lentivirus-vector) (Thermo Fisher Scientific; Waltham, MA, USA) for 72 h. The transfection efficiency was detected by immunofluorescence staining, RT-qPCR and Western blotting.…”

“…Recently, stem cell-based therapy which was regarded as a promising treatment for SUI (3). Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are the first discovered and well-studied MSCs with outstanding differentiation capacity (4). Multiple studies have reported the efficacy of BMSCs in improving SUI in rats and humans (5,6).…”