MSCA-1/TNAP Selection of Human Jaw Periosteal Cells Improves their Mineralization Capacity

Abstract

Human jaw periosteum-derived cells (JPCs) represent an alternative cell source to bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells for tissue engineering applications in the oral and maxillofacial surgery. In this study we investigated how far the presence or expression of human mesenchymal stem cell antigen-1/tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (MSCA-1/TNAP) and LNGFR (CD271) can be utilized to select and enrich the osteogenic progenitor cell fraction from the entire JPC population. Depending on their mineralization capacity, we classified the human isolated JPCs into mineralizing (mJPCs) and non-mineralizing JPCs (nmJPCs). Flow cytometric analyses revealed that undifferentiated mJPCs expressed MSCA-1/TNAP at significant higher levels than nmJPCs at day 5 and 10 of osteogenesis. Western blot analyses showed increased MSCA-1/TNAP expression levels in mJPCs during osteogenesis, whereas in nmJPCs MSCA-1/TNAP expression remained undetectable. Using the MSCA-1 and LNGFR specific antibodies, we separated the positive and negative fractions from the entire mJPC population. In order to analyse the mineralization capacity of the MSCA-1⁺ and LNGFR⁺ cell subsets, we quantified the calcium deposition in both subpopulations in comparison to the respective negative subpopulations. The MSCA-1⁺/TNAP⁺ cell fraction showed a significant higher osteogenic capacity compared to the MSCA-1-/TNAP- cell fraction whereas the LNGFR^+/- cell fractions did not differ in their osteogenic potential. Our findings suggest that MSCA-1 may represent a promising osteogenic marker for mJPC.

Characterization of Different Subpopulations from Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells by Alkaline Phosphatase Expression

“…Recently, one group reported that MSCA-1, which is identical to TNAP, is expressed in MSCs from human BM and endometrium [20]. In addition, MSCA-1 may be a promising osteogenic marker for human jaw periosteumderived cells [32]. The authors of the latter study showed that SSEA-3 was also expressed on the majority of MSCA-1-positive MSCs, and they also demonstrate that the colonyforming activity and differentiation potential of MSCA-1 (TNAP)-positive MSCs were CD56-dependent [33].…”

Comparative Study of MSCA-1 and CD146 Isolated Periosteal Cell Subpopulations

“…The finding regarding the osteogenic potential of the MSCA-1 + subpopulation was expected based on our previous observation from human jaw periosteal cells [3]. The result concerning the osteogenic potential of the CD146 - subpopulation was quite surprising due to the detection of significantly higher CD146 expression and osteogenic potential at the same time in TAg cells when compared to the originating primary cells [4].…”

“…Previously, we demonstrated that the MSCA-1-enriched subpopulation from the human jaw periosteal tissue exhibits higher osteogenic potential compared to the MSCA-1 low cell fraction [3]. Furthermore, we generated an immortalized cell line derived from the human cranial periosteum and analyzed its features in comparison with the primary cells from which the cell line was derived [4].…”

“…MSCA-1 was described to coincide with the tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) [7] and to be expressed by MSCs from different tissues [3, 8-12]. …”

Identification of an Aptamer Binding to Human Osteogenic-Induced Progenitor Cells

“…Jaw periosteal cells ( JPCs) possess a higher bone formation capacity than bone marrow-derived MSCs (Zhu et al, 2006;Agata et al, 2007). Further studies have been undertaken to characterize this cell source in detail (Hutmacher and Sittinger, 2003;De Bari et al, 2006;Zhu et al, 2006;Alexander et al, 2008;Ringe et al, 2008;Alexander et al, 2009;Alexander et al, 2010;Alexander et al, 2011).…”