Mucilages from Different Plant Species Affect the Characteristics of Bio-Mortars for Restoration

Alisi, Chiara; Bacchetta, Loretta; Bojorquez, Emanuel; Falconieri, M.; Gagliardi, Serena; Insaurralde, M. A. Aguilera; Martinez, Maria Fernanda Falcon; Orozco, Alejandro Meza; Persia, Franca; Sprocati, Anna Rosa; Procacci, Silvia; Tatì, Angelo

doi:10.3390/coatings11010075

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…And although in recent years the use of prickly pear, due to its properties, has attracted great interest not only in food research, but also in medicine and cosmetics, we have found few articles on its use in the field of conservation-restoration and only on its use as solidifying agent for lime mortars [22]. This confirms that our research is at least innovative, and considering the good results obtained, it would be appropriate to further investigate its applications in the conservation and restoration of paper and other materials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of a Natural Polysaccharide as a Solidifying Agent and Color-Fixing Agent on Modern Paper and Historical Materials

Emanuele,

Dujaković,

Roselli

et al. 2023

Organics

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This article presents results on the use of a new material as a solidifying agent and/or color-fixing agent. A special polysaccharide material extracted from the prickly pear cactus (Opuntia ficus indica) was tested on historical materials and modern papers. An old book from the 18th century was chosen as historical material. From the mentioned book 42 pages were taken, on which a conservation and restoration pretreatment was performed before applying the polysaccharide material: sampling, fiber analysis, dry cleaning, ink solubility, pH test, thickness measurement and wet cleaning. The paper sheets provided for the test were divided into 4 groups, 3 of which were treated with gel and one left untreated as a reference. The division into groups is not only due to the different method of application, but also due to the process of gel extraction. The effect of the treatment was analyzed using FTIR-ATR. To test the mucilage as color-fixing agent 2 samples were prepared using watercolor papers colored with 6 different watercolors applied to 2.5 cm2 samples for each color in two rows of different intensity. One of the 2 samples was treated with gel, but both were immersed for 3 times in a water-ethanol solution for approximately 20 min as is standard practice in conservation and restoration. After washing, both specimens were subjected to colorimetric analysis to assess their differences. The results provided satisfactory evidence for the protection of paints sensitive to aqueous treatments and suggest the use of mucilage as a new material in cleaning method for water-soluble media.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of a Natural Polysaccharide as a Solidifying Agent and Color-Fixing Agent on Modern Paper and Historical Materials

Emanuele,

Dujaković,

Roselli

et al. 2023

Organics

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“…The properties of lime are highly valued, as it provides excellent adhesion, workability and plasticity, which is why it has been traditionally used in mortars [27]. Lime mortars have been employed to protect masonry structures from anthropogenic action and the moisture caused by rainwater, and often they incorporate biomaterials which can enhance their durability and provide useful properties to the mixtures, with an extended use of cactus mucilage [28,29]. Additionally, lime has been used in the region to stabilize the clayey soils and earthen components such as the adobes [20], reducing the vulnerability of these constructions to the effect of water.…”

Section: The Situation Of the Vernacular Architecture Of Michoacanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Audiovisual Methods and Documentary Film for the Preservation and Reappraisal of the Vernacular Architectural Heritage of the State of Michoacan, Mexico

et al. 2023

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The State of Michoacan has a wide and rich architectural heritage which is represented by different vernacular typologies which employ different materials and techniques according to the local resources. However, this wide knowledge and cultural heritage are disappearing, with several monuments and buildings being abandoned due to new dynamics and social changes. The traditional techniques have been substituted for modern and industrial construction systems since they are associated with obsolete ways of life. Through international cooperation for development and research projects, many activities were carried out to analyze the durability of local materials and vernacular constructions of the state. The main ones included the architectural survey and inspection of these buildings, photographic and drone surveys, characterization in the laboratory and oral interviews with local users. During the field work, these interviews with the local population, the creation of multimedia content and the use of audiovisual methods had crucial importance in the documentation of this local knowledge and culture, being great methods for scientific communication and dissemination. The main product is the documentary Xirangua, which means ‘roots’ in the Purépecha language, the main indigenous ethnicity in the state. This documentary explores the traditional architecture and construction of Michoacan, showing the reality within the loss of this vernacular heritage and portraying the importance of its conservation through the perspective of the local population, users and artisans. The use of these audiovisual techniques has demonstrated to be a suitable option to promote and preserve cultural heritage and educate, include the local actors in the process, and make the general public aware of the current issues, with this being one of the first works which explores this approach.

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“…Limestone and lime-based mortars have been consolidated using plant biopolymers. Reported biopolymers have been sourced from Aloe vera, Cylindropuntia californica, Opuntia engelmannii, Opuntia ficus-indica, Salvia hispanica and Sida angustifolia [17,21]. Biopolymers are obtained in a range of extraction procedures, soaking leaves and other leafy tissues in batches of water and subsequently leaving them to be released into the bulk water.…”

Section: Bioconsolidation Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioconservation of Historic Stone Buildings—An Updated Review

Ortega-Morales

Gaylarde

2021

Applied Sciences

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Cultural heritage buildings of stone construction require careful restorative actions to maintain them as close to the original condition as possible. This includes consolidation and cleaning of the structure. Traditional consolidants may have poor performance due to structural drawbacks such as low adhesion, poor penetration and flexibility. The requirement for organic consolidants to be dissolved in volatile organic compounds may pose environmental and human health risks. Traditional conservation treatments can be replaced by more environmentally acceptable, biologically-based, measures, including bioconsolidation using whole bacterial cells or cell biomolecules; the latter include plant or microbial biopolymers and bacterial cell walls. Biocleaning can employ microorganisms or their extracted enzymes to remove inorganic and organic surface deposits such as sulfate crusts, animal glues, biofilms and felt tip marker graffiti. This review seeks to provide updated information on the innovative bioconservation treatments that have been or are being developed.

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Mucilages from Different Plant Species Affect the Characteristics of Bio-Mortars for Restoration

Cited by 12 publications

References 17 publications

The Use of a Natural Polysaccharide as a Solidifying Agent and Color-Fixing Agent on Modern Paper and Historical Materials

The Use of a Natural Polysaccharide as a Solidifying Agent and Color-Fixing Agent on Modern Paper and Historical Materials

Use of Audiovisual Methods and Documentary Film for the Preservation and Reappraisal of the Vernacular Architectural Heritage of the State of Michoacan, Mexico

Bioconservation of Historic Stone Buildings—An Updated Review

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