Mucin dynamics and enteric pathogens

McGuckin, Michael A.; Lindén, Sara K.; Sutton, Philip; Florin, Timothy H.

doi:10.1038/nrmicro2538

Cited by 1,203 publications

(1,145 citation statements)

References 176 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

1,114

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…LPS generates morphological alterations reflected in changes of goblet cell population and distribution in the intestine. Dietary addition of LPS also causes alterations of the intestinal physiology of piglets, evidenced in secretion changes of mucins during post-weaning (McGuckin et al ., 2011). LPS effects can occur during natural infections after weaning, causing post-weaning diarrhea (Blanco et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide affects intestinal mucin secretion in weaned pigs

Zapata

Rodríguez²,

Ramírez³

et al. 2015

Rev Colomb Cienc Pecu

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

El lipopolisacárido de Escherichia coli afecta la secreción de mucinas intestinales en cerdos destetados O lipopolissacárido de Escherichia coli afecta a secreção de mucina intestinal em porcos desmamadosSummary Background: to the best of our knowledge, the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli on goblet cells and intestinal mucin secretion of weaned pigs has not been reported, and it is unknown whether these effects could trigger enteritis. Objective: to determine the effect of E . coli LPS on intestinal mucin secretion in weaning piglets. Methods: fifty-two piglets weaned at 21 days of age were fed a basal diet supplemented with four LPS levels (0.0, 0.3, 0.5, and 1.0 µg/mg) during 10 days. Piglets were slaughtered on days 1, 5, 7, and 10 post-weaning and samples of small and large intestine were taken for histochemical staining to determine goblet cell population and type of mucins produced (acidic, sulphated, non-sulphated, or neutral). Results: acidic mucin was reduced on day 5 post-weaning independently of the dietary LPS level supplied to piglets. Recovery of acidic mucins was observed during days 7 and 10 post-weaning. Neutral mucins increased on day 5 and decreased on days 7 and 10 post-weaning. High LPS levels decreased goblet cells population and secretion of all types of mucins. This effect was remarkably high for diet two (D2: 0.5 mg LPS/mg food). Conclusions: early weaning (21 d) and LPS addition to the diet affect mucin secretion and intestinal epithelium integrity by modifying goblet cell populations and their balance between acidic and neutral mucin secretion. These findings explain some abnormalities related with post-weaning diarrhea syndrome and help to explain its pathophysiology.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide affects intestinal mucin secretion in weaned pigs

Zapata

Rodríguez²,

Ramírez³

et al. 2015

Rev Colomb Cienc Pecu

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…24 This ''sugary'' layer mediates cell-cell recognition, receptor-ligand interactions, and adds to the barrier function of the plasma membrane, as best characterized for the endothelial 25 and intestinal glycocalyx. [26][27][28] This juxtamembranous layer may locally alter the pH near, but exterior, to the lipid bilayer. In melanoma cells, the pH measured in the glycocalyx was reported to be slightly higher than the pH of the medium, and the absolute number of H þ molecules differed up to 40% between different domains of the glycocalyx of a single cell.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Biliary HCO3 − Umbrella Constitutes A Protective Mechanism Against Bile Acid–Induced Injury in Human Cholangiocytes

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human cholangiocytes are continuously exposed to millimolar levels of hydrophobic bile salt monomers. We recently hypothesized that an apical biliary HCO À 3 umbrella might prevent the protonation of biliary glycine-conjugated bile salts and uncontrolled cell entry of the corresponding bile acids, and that defects in this biliary HCO À 3 umbrella might predispose to chronic cholangiopathies. Here, we tested in vitro whether human cholangiocyte integrity in the presence of millimolar bile salt monomers is dependent on (1) pH, (2) adequate expression of the key HCO À 3 exporter, anion exchanger 2 (AE2), and (3) an intact cholangiocyte glycocalyx. To address these questions, human immortalized cholangiocytes and cholangiocarcinoma cells were exposed to chenodeoxycholate and its glycine/taurine conjugates at different pH levels. Bile acid uptake was determined radiochemically. Cell viability and apoptosis were measured enzymatically. AE2 was knocked down by lentiviral short hairpin RNA. A cholangiocyte glycocalyx was identified by electron microscopy, was enzymatically desialylated, and sialylation was quantified by flow cytometry. We found that bile acid uptake and toxicity in human immortalized cholangiocytes and cholangiocarcinoma cell lines in vitro were pH and AE2 dependent, with the highest rates at low pH and when AE2 expression was defective. An apical glycocalyx was identified on cholangiocytes in vitro by electron microscopic techniques. Desialylation of this protective layer increased cholangiocellular vulnerability in a pH-dependent manner. Conclusion: A biliary HCO À 3 umbrella protects human cholangiocytes against damage by bile acid monomers. An intact glycocalyx and adequate AE2 expression are crucial in this process. Defects of the biliary HCO À 3 umbrella may lead to the development of chronic cholangiopathies.

show abstract

“…Mucus layers play an important role in protecting intestinal epithelial cells from the gut microbes and pathogenic microorganisms [12]. In the colon, thick mucus layers, composed of a dense inner mucus layer and a loose outer mucus layer, cover luminal surfaces of the epithelium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of endoscopic brush samples identified mucosa-associated dysbiosis in inflammatory bowel disease

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The mucosa-associated gut microbiota directly modulates epithelial and mucosal function. In this study, we investigated the mucosa-associated microbial community in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), using endoscopic brush samples. Methods A total of 174 mucus samples from 43 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), 26 with Crohn's disease (CD) and 14 non-IBD controls were obtained by gentle brushing of mucosal surfaces using endoscopic cytology brushes. The gut microbiome was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results There were no significant differences in microbial structure among different anatomical sites (the ileum, cecum and sigmoid colon) within individuals. There was, however, a significant difference in microbial structure between CD, UC and non-IBD controls. The difference between CD and non-IBD controls was more marked than that between UC patients and non-IBD controls. a-Diversity was significantly lower in UC and CD patients than non-IBD controls. When comparing CD patients with non-IBD controls, the phylum Proteobacteria was significantly increased and the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were significantly reduced. These included a significant increase in the genera Escherichia, Ruminococcus (R. gnavus), Cetobacterium, Actinobacillus and Enterococcus, and a significant decrease in the genera Faecalibacterium, Coprococcus, Prevotella and Roseburia. Comparisons between CD and UC patients revealed a greater abundance of the genera Escherichia, Ruminococcus (R. gnavus), Clostridium, Cetobacterium, Peptostreptococcus in CD patients, and the genera Faecalibacterium, Blautia, Bifidobacterium, Roseburia and Citrobacter in UC patients. Conclusions Mucosa-associated dysbiosis was identified in IBD patients. CD and UC may be distinguishable from the mucosa-associated microbial community structure.

show abstract

Mucin dynamics and enteric pathogens

Cited by 1,203 publications

References 176 publications

Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide affects intestinal mucin secretion in weaned pigs

Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide affects intestinal mucin secretion in weaned pigs

A Biliary HCO3 − Umbrella Constitutes A Protective Mechanism Against Bile Acid–Induced Injury in Human Cholangiocytes

Analysis of endoscopic brush samples identified mucosa-associated dysbiosis in inflammatory bowel disease

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About