Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis and HIV

Abstract

Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis is a rare disease in Europe. Relapses after treatment are more frequent than in visceral leishmaniasis. HIV patients infected by Leishmania have frequently visceral involvement, and responses to treatment are poor. Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in HIV-infected patients has rarely been reported. A patient with centrofacial granuloma was diagnosed as having mucocutaneous leishmaniasis; simultaneously HIV infection was detected. To our knowledge this is the first case acquired in Europe. Intravenous meglumine antimonate 20 mg/kg/day for 28 days was proven to be useful.

Disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis after visceral disease in a patient with AIDS

“…4,5,13 In any case, disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis with maculopapular rash, resembling that of diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis described in patients in Africa with a severe cellular immunity imbalance, is an atypical, exceptional clinical feature in persons with HIV-infection, probably favored by an underlying severe immunosuppression. 3,5,[9][10][11][12][13] The presence of Leishmania parasites is sometimes coincidental, associated with Kaposi's sarcoma, herpes virus lesions, and bacillary anglomatosis, as a result of their dissemination during an asymptomatic form of visceral disease. 5 Diagnosis is obtained by leishmanial parasite identification (with May Grünwald-Giemsa staining), in culture (with Novy-MacNeal-Nicolle medium), or through histopathologlc examination of a biopsy sample or tissue aspirate from bone marrow, spleen, liver, lymph nodes, or skin lesions.…”

The Relationship between Leishmaniasis and AIDS: the Second 10 Years

“…Sporadic cases have been described in Brazil (13,42,84) and other South American countries, as well as India (244), Spain (157), and Ethiopia (29). MCL may be severe in HIV-infected patients, with dissemination and a relapsing course.…”

American cutaneous leishmaniasis associated with HIV infection: report of four cases

“…Sousa et al [30] Borges-Filho et al [31] Miralles et al [32] Nogueira-Castafion et al [33] Machado et al [ nia and HIV co-infection are described, and the differences between the clinical presentation in immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients are emphasized.…”