Mucocutaneous manifestations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a decade study from a Greek cohort

Abstract

Background We sought to investigate the prevalence of mucocutaneous manifestations (MCM) and potential associations with clinical characteristics in Greek patients with IBD. Methods This was a retrospective observational single-center study. Patients with IBD diagnosis attending a tertiary referral hospital in Heraklion, Crete, from January 2010 to January 2020 were included. Data were extracted with relevant medical information from the IBD registry. Standard statistical tests, descriptive statistics tests, chi-square, Pearson correlation and multivariate analysis tests were performed, using IBM SPSS Statistics 25. Results A total of 806 IBD patients were included in the study: 463 (57.4%) males, 441 (54.7%) Crohn’s Disease, 352 (43.7%) ulcerative colitis and 13 (1.6%) IBD unclassified (IBD-U). Mean age was 50.67 ± 17.67 years, mean age of IBD diagnosis 36.67 ± 16.53 years and mean disease duration 13.65 ± 9.89 years. The prevalence of MCM was 171/806 (21.2%), 9.65% in ulcerative colitis and 30.84% in CD. The presence of MCM was significantly correlated with younger age of IBD diagnosis, longer IBD duration, CD diagnosis, inflammatory behavior and ileal or ileocolonic location of CD, extensive colitis in ulcerative colitis, intestinal manifestations (EIMs) and treatment with immunosuppressant or anti-TNFa. The development of MCM was independently associated with the presence of other EIMs odds ratio (OR), 4.03 [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.60–6.24; P < 0.001] and treatment with immunosuppressant (OR, 1.87; 95% CI, 01.14–3.07; P = 0.013) or anti-TNFa (OR = 2.47; 95% CI, 1.59–3.84; P < 0.01). Conclusions In our study, about one-fifth of IBD patients developed MCM that was more frequently present in CD than in ulcerative colitis.