Multi‐agent chemotherapy for mast cell tumours in the dog

Gerritsen, Ron; Teske, Erik; Kraus, Jaroslav; Rutteman, Gerard R.

doi:10.1080/01652176.1998.9694832

Cited by 55 publications

(56 citation statements)

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“…While some discordance exists in the literature, patients with MCT of any grade involving the regional lymph node (LN) or arising from a mucous membrane (e.g. gingiva, perineum, prepuce, nailbed) may also be at higher risk for eventual death from MCT [1,10,[28][29][30]. Thus, local therapies alone may be suboptimal for tumour control in these patients.…”

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Outcome and Prognostic Factors Following Adjuvant Prednisone/Vinblastine Chemotherapy for High-Risk Canine Mast Cell Tumour: 61 Cases

2006

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ABSTRACT. The medical records of 61 dogs with MCT at high risk for metastasis that were treated with prednisone and VBL following excision +/-radiation therapy were reviewed, and median disease-free interval (DFI), median overall survival time (OS) and prognostic factors assessed. Adverse effects, mostly mild, were noted in 26% of patients, usually after the first VBL dose. 6.5% experienced severe neutropenia. The DFI was 1305 days, and the OS was not reached, with 65% alive at 3 years. 100% of dogs with "high-risk" grade II MCT were alive at 3 years. The OS for dogs with grade III MCT was 1374 days. Histologic grade, location (mucous membrane vs. skin) and use of prophylactic nodal irradiation predicted outcome. Prednisone and VBL chemotherapy is well tolerated, and results in good outcomes following surgery in dogs with MCT at high risk for metastasis. High-grade and mucocutaneous tumors had a worse outcome, and the use of prophylactic nodal irradiation appeared to improve outcome in this group of dogs. KEY WORDS: canine, mastocytoma, Prednisone, vinblastine.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 68(6): 581-587, 2006 Mast cell tumour (MCT) represents the most common malignant cutaneous tumour in the dog [29]. High-grade or undifferentiated MCT (Patnaik grade III) comprise 29 to 40% of all MCT [2,14,22]. In addition to local infiltration, they have a reported metastatic rate of 55 to 96%, and are more likely to result in tumor-related death than are low-or intermediate-grade MCT [29]. While some discordance exists in the literature, patients with MCT of any grade involving the regional lymph node (LN) or arising from a mucous membrane (e.g. gingiva, perineum, prepuce, nailbed) may also be at higher risk for eventual death from MCT [1,10,[28][29][30]. Thus, local therapies alone may be suboptimal for tumour control in these patients.Survival times after surgery alone for high-grade MCT were reported in early studies as 15% at seven months, 6% at 48 months, and a median survival time (MST) of 13 weeks [2,3,22]. More recent studies have reported a MST of approximately 9 months with resection alone in dogs with high-grade MCT [20,25].Several studies have evaluated chemotherapy for the treatment of measurable MCT, and response rates from 7% to 78% have been documented [8,10,17,18,23,28]. However, few studies have evaluated the efficacy of chemotherapy as adjuvant treatment for MCT [7,28].Vinblastine (VBL) is an antimicrotubule alkaloid used in the treatment of hemolymphatic neoplasia in dogs [12], and various human malignancies [24]. We previously reported the results of a study employing prednisone/VBL for the treatment of dogs with gross, microscopic and "high-risk" MCT. An objective response rate of 44% was reported in dogs with gross disease, and there was suggestion that dogs receiving prednisone/VBL following surgery had a favorable clinical outcome compared with historical controls receiving local therapy alone [28]. However, the clinical characteristics of these patients were variable, and a relatively small number were treat...

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“…Several studies have evaluated chemotherapy for the treatment of measurable MCT, and response rates from 7% to 78% have been documented [8,10,17,18,23,28]. However, few studies have evaluated the efficacy of chemotherapy as adjuvant treatment for MCT [7,28].…”

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Outcome and Prognostic Factors Following Adjuvant Prednisone/Vinblastine Chemotherapy for High-Risk Canine Mast Cell Tumour: 61 Cases

2006

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“…Chemotherapy is applied to tumor-bearing patients in cases of failed surgery and radiotherapy. Although multi-agent chemotherapy is essentially effective for canine cutaneous mast cell tumors, the results are variable [3]. The most important factor contributing to the results of chemotherapy is tumor cell multidrug resistance (MDR).…”

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“…However, a single administration of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin or vincristine is ineffective for canine malignant mast cell tumors (grade II and III) [8,9]. Multi-agent chemotherapy using cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, hydroxyurea, vincristine and prednisolone do have anti-tumor activity for a considerable proportion of dogs with malignant mast cell tumors, though efficacy is variable [3]. The MDR in canine mast cell tumors probably involves expression of other proteins in addition to PGP and MRP.…”

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Immunohistochemical Detection of P-Glycoprotein (PGP) and Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein (MRP) in Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors.

Miyoshi

Tojo

Oishi

et al. 2002

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Fifty-four canine cutaneous mast cell tumors were evaluated immunohistochemically for the expression of P-glycoprotein (PGP) and multidrug-resistance-associated protein (MRP). All tumors examined were graded according to the histological malignancy, ranging from grade I to III. The expression of PGP was confirmed in 15% (8/54) of whole, 33% (5/15) of grade I, 10% (3/31) of grade II, and 0% (0/8) of grade III tumors. The expression of MRP was found in 18% (10/54) of whole, 26% (4/15) of grade I, 19% (6/31) of grade II, and 0% (0/8) of grade III tumors. The cases positive to at least one of these 2 multidrug markers were 26%, 47%, 23% and 0% of whole and grade I to III tumors, respectively. These results indicate that at least 26% of canine cutaneous mast cell tumors express PGP and/or MRP and that these tumors may be resistant to several anti-cancer drugs. KEY WORDS: canine, mast cell tumor, multidrug resistance.

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“…The multicentric occurrence in this case may be due to the same reason. Cyclophosphamide is commonly used in skin tumors such as epitheliotropic lymphoma (Tzannes et al, 2008), subcutaneous haemangiosarcoma (Bulakowski et al, 2008), mast cell tumors (Gerritsen et al, 1998) and mammary gland tumour (Rutteman et al, 2001). Rather using high dose at 21 days interval, we used low dose at week interval.…”

Section: Multicentric Malignant Tricoepithelioma In a Bhutia Dog And mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multicentric Malignant Tricoepithelioma in a Bhutia Dog and its Management

Shivakumar¹

2014

Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci.

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Multi‐agent chemotherapy for mast cell tumours in the dog

Cited by 55 publications

References 9 publications

Outcome and Prognostic Factors Following Adjuvant Prednisone/Vinblastine Chemotherapy for High-Risk Canine Mast Cell Tumour: 61 Cases

Outcome and Prognostic Factors Following Adjuvant Prednisone/Vinblastine Chemotherapy for High-Risk Canine Mast Cell Tumour: 61 Cases

Immunohistochemical Detection of P-Glycoprotein (PGP) and Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein (MRP) in Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors.

Multicentric Malignant Tricoepithelioma in a Bhutia Dog and its Management

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