Multi-configuration Dirac–Fock calculations for multi-valence-electron systems: Benchmarks for Zn-like ions

Identifications of extreme ultraviolet spectra of Br-like to Ni-like neodymium ions using an electron beam ion trap

“…These wavelengths are listed in Table 1 for reference. While majority of the theoretical studies have also focused on these charge states owing to their simple structure having one-or two-valence electrons in the outer shell [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46], some atomic systems with multi-valence electrons, e.g., belonging to Galike and Se-like isoelectronic sequences, have been previously studied [47,48]. These theoretical predictions are given in the last column of Table 1.…”

“…The last column lists the energy uncertainties derived from the wavelength uncertainties of the corresponding lines listed in table 1. 'RMBPT' and 'FAC' in the last column indicate the energies calculated by relativistic many-body perturbation theory (RMBPT) [49] and FAC [26] one or two valence electrons in the outer shell [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46], some atomic systems with multi-valence electrons, e.g. belonging to Ga-like and Se-like isoelectronic sequences, have been previously studied [47,48].…”

“…D Derived from double-Gaussian fitting. E References: a[20]; b[30]; c[19]; d[31]; e[29]; f[32]; g[33]; h[13]; i[34]; j[35]; k[36]; l[17]; m[16]; n[37]; o[38]; p[39]; q [40]; r[14]; s[41]; t[42]; u[43]; v[44]; w[45]; x[46]; y[15]; z…”

The study of the 4s4p configuration of the Zn isoelectronic sequence using the relativistic jj-coupling approach

“…The authors working with the non-relativistic codes [16,17] present the comparison between theoretical Slater and spin-orbit integrals with the values deduced from the experiments. But this is not so when using fully-relativistic codes [12,29,30]. Therefore, one of our specific purposes is to make the comparison between the experimentally deduced Slater parameters and those provided by the GRASP code generated by ourselves.…”

“…It must be taken into account that we obtain effective relativistic Slater parameters in practice, because we are not introducing neither Breit nor QED contributions in our model. Such contributions to the excitation energies were calculated theoretically in references [29,30]. In the work of Chen and Cheng [29], it is shown that selfenergy (SE) corrections are the most important contributions to QED effects.…”