Multi-criteria optimization approach to the design of small dams’ systems along mountainous stream beds

Abstract

This paper aims at the optimal design of a system of small solid barrier-type stone dams in a semi-realistic study case, determining the number, location and height of dams and a borrow-pit (BP)'s location for benefit maximization and cost minimization of objectives: (a) maximum flood protection, (b) maximum underlying aquifers' artificial recharge, (c) minimum dams' construction cost and (d) minimum stonework transportation cost. The simplified conceptual model involves no hydraulic simulation; flow characteristics are not considered, while no dam is assumed to affect another dam's benefit/cost values. Hence, all partial benefit/cost values can be separately pre-calculated, for each one of the available dam locations for all available heights and BP locations, deriving from data concerning topography, geology/soil, land uses, construction and transportation costs. Any solution proposing a system of dams of various heights and a BP exhibits a total management value equal to the sum of the respective partial benefit/cost values of each dam. The multi-objective optimization problem is formulated into a single-objective minimization problem; the difference of costs minus benefits is to be minimized. Simple, elitist genetic algorithms (GAs) are used, coupled with sophisticated post-processing of results, able to produce optimized design solutions and strategies.

Groundwater Depletion. Are Environmentally Friendly Energy Recharge Dams a Solution?

“…Considering local energy production and consumption, the generated electricity could be used to meet immediate needs. Furthermore, the development of hydroelectric power systems in these areas could stimulate economic growth and create employment opportunities, thereby promoting sustainable development [55,56], and the allocation of small dams can be optimized to achieve the maximum hydrodynamic potential [57].…”