Multi-detector row computed tomography and blunt chest trauma

Scaglione, Mariano; Pinto, Antonio; Pedrosa, Iván; Sparano, Amelia; Romano, Luigia

doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2007.09.023

Cited by 64 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Blunt thoracic injuries are the third most common injury in poly-trauma patients following head and extremities trauma (7). Blunt chest trauma is directly responsible for 25% of all trauma deaths (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blunt Thoracic Injury Mortality and Clinical Presentation

Yadollahi¹,

Arabi²,

Mahmoudi³

et al. 2018

Trauma Mon

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Background: Blunt thoracic trauma is the third most common injury in poly-trauma patients following head and extremities injuries; this study aimed at investigating the prevalence of blunt chest trauma and its injury pattern, mechanism of injury, length of hospital stay, treatment period, and risk factors. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 7,410 patients, who referred to Shahid Rajaee hospital, during years 2010 to 2014 were selected through census sampling. The participants' demographic data, mechanism of injury, type of thoracic injury, location of fracture, length of stay, and injury severity scores (ISS) were recorded.Results: Most patients were male (5498, 74.2%), 63.3% were 15 to 40 years old, and their mean age was 37.53 ± 0.21 years. The most commonly reported mechanism of injury was car accident (2,999, 40.5%) followed by falls (1,529,20.6%, and motorbike accidents (964, 13.1%). Head, neck and thorax injuries were most common comorbidities in thorax trauma patients. The mortality rate was 1.5%. Indeed, the patients, who had rib fracture (P = 0.01) (OR3.66, CI [1.36 -9.82]), and multiple injuries of thorax (P < 0.001) (OR 8.10,.73]), had a higher mortality risk. Conclusions:The risk of blunt thoracic injuries was higher among specific types of injuries. Additionally, patients with blunt chest trauma, who had the risk factors of mortality required preventative measures and careful management in order to prevent traumarelated deaths.Keywords: Thoracic Injuries, Trauma, Blunt BackgroundTrauma is the leading cause of death in patients under 40 years of age (1) and the fourth leading cause of death globally (2, 3). World health organization (WHO) announced in 2004 that trauma was the fourth main cause of death in Iran, and would turn into the third cause of death by 2020 (4).With regards to the prevalence of thoracic trauma compared to other types of trauma, it is an important cause of morbidity and mortality, which has led to approximately 25% of trauma-related deaths in the United States (5). Thoracic trauma is the third most frequent injury after head and extremities in patients with multiple trauma (5). In addition, approximately 0.06% of disability cases per year are caused by chest trauma (6). Blunt thoracic injuries are the third most common injury in poly-trauma patients following head and extremities trauma (7). Blunt chest trauma is directly responsible for 25% of all trauma deaths (8).Generally, more than 50% of blunt chest trauma cases occur in fatal accidents and a large number of them are caused by motor vehicle crashes (63% to 78%), followed by falls, blows from blunt objects, or explosive devices (10% to 17%) (9).Blunt traumatic injuries (BTI) represent a high incidence of morbidity and mortality worldwide (10). The most common mechanisms of blunt trauma are road traffic accidents (RTAs), falls, and being struck by heavy objects (11,12).Patients with blunt chest trauma may be at a significant risk of developing respiratory failure (13). Some studies have also reported that up to ...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blunt Thoracic Injury Mortality and Clinical Presentation

Yadollahi¹,

Arabi²,

Mahmoudi³

et al. 2018

Trauma Mon

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“…6 So that information from different diagnostic tools has a major role in improving the patient prognosis. 7,8 Chest computed tomography (CT) is the gold standard method for detection of pneumothorax, haemothorax and lung contusion because it has the best sensitivity and specificity. Although this CT is neither practical nor feasible because it usually require transfer of the patient from the emergency room (ER) where its resuscitation equipment's and facilities to the CT place which carry a great risk on patient survival.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of bedside sonography in the assessment of patients with chest trauma in the emergency department of Suez Canal University Hospital

et al. 2017

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Background: Chest trauma is responsible for more than 20 to 25% of all traumatic death. Chest trauma is the second leading cause of traumatic death in each year. In order to keep the prognosis of patients with chest trauma relatively good, the patient should be diagnosed rapidly & managed adequately. Chest ultrasound is a safe, rapid and accurate method in diagnosing chest trauma.Methods: A total of 50 patients were enrolled in this study. Objectives were to assess the accuracy of bedside chest US in detection of either haemothorax, pneumothorax or lung contusion in chest trauma patients. All the patients underwent chest US, CXR, and chest CT. The data from ultrasound and CXR were compared with the gold standard CT. Then the accuracy of which were calculated.Results: Showed that Motorcar accidents are the most common cause for chest trauma and most patients were presented by chest pain and dyspnea. Chest ultrasound specificity in diagnosing pneumothorax was higher than sensitivity, 100% and 81% respectively, with over all accuracy 88%. Supine CXR showed sensitivity (75%), specificity (88.9%) and accuracy (80%) which are good numbers but still lower than chest US. Chest US Detection of haemothorax by chest had showed 100% sensitivity, 90% specificity and 96% accuracy.Conclusions: Chest ultrasound is highly accurate tool for detection of pneumothorax, haemothorax and less lung contusion in chest trauma. Chest ultrasound is a useful tool for the emergency physician for bedside rapid and accurate diagnosis without interruption of the resuscitation and without transferring the patient for the radiology unit.

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“…Werden Patienten frühzei-tig ins CT verbracht, wird auf die CR im Schockraum verzichtet. Sofern ein CT im oder direkt neben dem Schockraum verfügbar ist, kann nach bisherigem Kenntnisstand das Planungstopogramm (CTScout) weitere Zeit einsparen, indem es die sonst im Schockraum angefertigte Radiographie(n) im Liegen ersetzt [31,36].…”

Section: Thoraxunclassified

“…Liegen Verletzungen der Niere oder der ableitenden Harnwege vor, ist die Durchführung einer CT-Urographie (CTU) empfohlen, diese sollte in der Ausscheidungsphase nach 7-10 min (500-600 s Delay) erfolgen. Falls erst bei der Befundung diesbezügliche Fragestellungen auftreten, kann die Phase entsprechend der langen Halbwertclearance auch weit län-ger verzögert ohne nochmalig KM-Gabe erfolgen [31].…”

Section: Abdomenunclassified