Multi–Detector-Row Computed Tomography Imaging of Variant Skull Base Foramina

Abstract

Several inconstant skull base foramina can be observed on multi-detector-row computed tomographic studies. These include the meningo-orbital foramen, foramen of Vesalius, canaliculus innominatus, palatovaginal canal, persistent craniopharyngeal canal, transsphenoidal canal, canalis basilaris medianus, and fossa navicularis. Although many of these foramina are simply incidental findings, there may be associated anomalies and important clinical implications. The multi-detector-row computed tomographic features of variant skull base foramina are depicted and discussed in this article.

The small foramina of the orbit and periorbital region: assessment with multi detector computed tomography

“…Knowledge of this is important when tumors or vascular malformations need to be embolized in that anatomical region. Moreover, it is important to avoid misinterpreting this canal as a fracture (19). We did not detect the foramen cranio-orbitale in any of our patients, which is in contrast to the rates of 44.1% and 49% reported in anatomical studies (20,21).…”

The evolving role of the oculoplastic surgeon in skull base surgery

“…This foramen transmits the orbital branch of the anterior division of the middle meningeal artery and the lacrimal branch of the ophthalmic artery (forming an anastomosis). Also known as the cranio-orbital foramen, it connects the middle cranial fossa with the orbit, is present in 28% of skulls, and more common in females than males [4,5].…”

Fossa navicularis in a pediatric patient: anatomical skull base variant with clinical implications

“…17 It has been regarded as an uncommon skull base foramen. Ginat et al 6 observed that even though several inconstant skull base foramina could be radiologically diagnosed as incidental findings, there could be significant clinical importance to such findings because of related anomalies and medical implications. Apart from the fossa navicularis, some of the other skull base foramina include the meningo-orbital foramen, palatovaginal canal, persistent craniopharyngeal canal foramen of Vesalius, canalicus innominatus, and CBM.…”