Multi-Directional Sprinting and Acceleration Phase in Basketball and Handball Players Aged 14 and 15 Years

Popowczak, Marek; Rokita, Andrzej; Struzik, Artur; Cichy, Ireneusz; Dudkowski, Andrzej; Chmura, Paweł

doi:10.1177/0031512516664744

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The Five-Time Shuttle Run to Gates test [29]: Prior to the test, the subjects underwent a standardized warm-up that lasted 15 min. Afterwards, the researcher discussed the rules of the test and presented its correct execution.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Visual-Motor Performance in a Reactive Agility Task from Selected Demographic, Training, Anthropometric, and Functional Variables in Adolescents

Popowczak

Domaradzki

Rokita

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Reactive agility (RA) directly refers to athletes’ visuomotor processing of the specific conditions for team sports. The aim of the study was to identify the factors among age, gender, sport discipline, time participation in a sports activity, reaction time, and visual field which could have an impact on visual-motor performance in RA tasks in young, competitive team sports players. The study included boys (n = 149) and girls (n = 157) aged 13–15 participating in basketball, volleyball and handball. Anthropometric measurements were carried out, and the Peripheral Perception (PP) test was used to evaluate the visual-motor performance under laboratory conditions. The Five-Time Shuttle Run to Gates test was used to determine the RA. A multiple regression analysis was performed to identify the relationships between the visual-motor performance in an RA task (dependent variable) and the remaining independent variables (continuous and categorical). The findings of the current study indicate that the main predictive factors of visual-motor performance in RA among young athletes are gender (ß = −0.46, p < 0.000) and age (ß = −0.30, p < 0.000). Moreover, peripheral perception positively affected the achievements in the RA task in boys (ß = −0.25, p = 0.020). The sport discipline does not differentiate the visual-motor performance in RA in team sports players in the puberty period.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Visual-Motor Performance in a Reactive Agility Task from Selected Demographic, Training, Anthropometric, and Functional Variables in Adolescents

Popowczak

Domaradzki

Rokita

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…The "five-time shuttle run to gates" test allowed measurement of the time of movement during repeated "stop'n'go" directional changes in response to a light signal. The Fusion Smart Speed System application was used for fixed (pre-planned) and random selections of the lamp signal at the gate, following the procedures proposed by Popowczak et al (2016). All participants ran five times from the starting mat to the particular gates (lines placed between photocells with reflectors, 1 m long) and then to the next gate's mat.…”

Section: Agility and Sensorimotor Adaptability Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributing Factors to Sensorimotor Adaptability in Reactive Agility Performance in Youth Athletes

Zwierko¹,

Nowakowska²,

Jedziniak³

et al. 2022

Journal of Human Kinetics

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Sensorimotor adaptability facilitates adjusting behaviour for changing environmental stimuli to maintain appropriate goal-directed motor performance. Its effectiveness is associated with perceptual-cognitive modulation. As the factors affecting it are still not completely known, the aim of our study was therefore to analyse the association between selected variables (demographic, training, anthropometric, genetic) and sensorimotor adaptation in reactive agility tasks in youth team-sport athletes. The study group consisted of 85 youth athletes (aged 12.61 ± 0.98 years). Based on an initial evaluation, participants were divided into faster and slower agility groups. The resultant differences between change of direction speed tests and reactive agility tests provided the REAC-INDEX as a dependent variable. The independent variables were as follows: gender, calendar age, body mass, height, BMI, maturity offset, training status and the BDNF rs6265 polymorphism. Multiple linear regression showed that the maturity offset (ß = 0.269; p = 0.012) and calendar age (ß = -0.411; p < 0.001) significantly contributed to the REAC-INDEX of all participants (R2 = 0.13). In the slower group, the c.196G BDNF allele had a significant influence (ß = -0.140; p = 0.044) on the REAC-INDEX. The best predictive model comprised female gender (ß = 0.799; p < 0.001), maturity offset (ß = -0.586; p < 0.001) and training experience (ß = -0.225; p = 0.009), contributing to 49% of RA variance. Sensorimotor adaptability is mainly dependent on gender and age, and can be improved through systematic sports training. The BDNF rs6265 polymorphism may be considered a contributing factor to SA variability in the initial stages of training, although polymorphism-related differences blurred as the effect of participation in sports training increased.

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“…The system is comprised of five gates, each equipped with a photocell with an infrared transmitter and a light reflector, a Smart Jump mat integrated with a photocell and a radio frequency identification reader (RFID) for identification of the participants, as well as computer software (Fusion Smart Speed System application). The layout of the gates, the mat, and the RFID in the Five-Time Shuttle Run to Gates test was adopted on the basis of the previous article (Popowczak et al, 2016 ). The Fusion Smart Speed System application was used for fixed (preplanned) or random (unplanned) selection of a gate, where the lamp was turned on according to the procedures proposed by Popowczak et al ( 2016 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The layout of the gates, the mat, and the RFID in the Five-Time Shuttle Run to Gates test was adopted on the basis of the previous article (Popowczak et al, 2016 ). The Fusion Smart Speed System application was used for fixed (preplanned) or random (unplanned) selection of a gate, where the lamp was turned on according to the procedures proposed by Popowczak et al ( 2016 ). The “stop-and-go” scenario of tests as a reaction to a light signal is characterized by reliability levels at an intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) > 70% (Paul et al, 2016 ; Morral-Yepes et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measures and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Relationship Between Reactive Agility and Change of Direction Speed in Professional Female Basketball and Handball Players

et al. 2021

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Assessing the physical ability of players to perform change of direction and the cognitive and motor abilities revealed in reactive agility (RA) is necessary to understand the physical requirements and capabilities of professional players in handball and basketball. The main aim of this study was to determine the differences between professional female basketball and handball players in terms of anthropometric features, change of direction speed (CODS), and the RA task. Moreover, the relationships among anthropometric features, agility, and parameters of perception were determined. Two scenarios of the Five-Time Shuttle Run to Gates test (planned and unplanned) were used to evaluate the CODS and RA. The response time (RT) was also measured in the unplanned scenario. Additionally, the index of reactivity (REAC-INDEX) was specified as the difference between the RA test result and the measurement of CODS. There was a significant difference found in terms of body height, with basketball players being taller than handball players (p = 0.032). Professional female handball players achieved better results than professional female basketball players with regard to RA tasks (p = 0.01) and CODS (p = 0.041). Significant simple correlations between each anthropometric feature (body height, body mass) and values for CODS and RA were observed (r = 0.49–0.53). Applying partial correlation allowed for the assessment of actual relationships among CODS, RA, RT, and REAC-INDEX, without a confounding variable. Detaching the anthropometric parameters from the rest of the relationships resulted in maintenance or changes in r-values and an increased significance in the relationships between each pair: RA vs. RT, RA vs. REAC-INDEX, and RT vs. REAC-INDEX. The strongest associations were related to RT vs. REAC-INDEX (r = 0.97 at detaching body height or body mass, p < 0.001) and CODS vs. RA (r = 0.66 at detaching body height and r = −0.67 at detaching body mass, p < 0.001). It is recommended to use partial correlations in subsequent studies, as simple correlations are not reliable and may not reveal the apparent relationships between the variables. In addition, when determining the CODS and RA, it is suggested to take anthropometric and perception variables into account, such as reaction time or REAC-INDEX.

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Multi-Directional Sprinting and Acceleration Phase in Basketball and Handball Players Aged 14 and 15 Years

Cited by 8 publications

References 45 publications

Predicting Visual-Motor Performance in a Reactive Agility Task from Selected Demographic, Training, Anthropometric, and Functional Variables in Adolescents

Predicting Visual-Motor Performance in a Reactive Agility Task from Selected Demographic, Training, Anthropometric, and Functional Variables in Adolescents

Contributing Factors to Sensorimotor Adaptability in Reactive Agility Performance in Youth Athletes

The Relationship Between Reactive Agility and Change of Direction Speed in Professional Female Basketball and Handball Players

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