Multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium chelonae scleral buckle infection

Abstract

PurposeTo describe a case of Multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium chelonae scleral buckle infection.ObservationsA 56 year-old male with history of retinal detachment repair with scleral buckle 20 years prior presented with 8 months of intermittent pain and redness in the left eye. The patient was diagnosed with scleral buckle infection, the buckle was removed, and cultures revealed multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium chelonae. The postoperative course included orbital cellulitis treated with systemic linezolid, clarithromycin, and imipenem. All systemic antibiotics were discontinued on post-operative day 25, visual acuity improved to 20/25, the retina remained attached, and no recurrence occurred over 3 years of follow-up.Conclusions and importanceNTM infections are typically chronic and often require lengthy treatment. SB infection is rare, but often associated with biofilm and antibiotic resistance. In spite of removing the SB, anchoring sutures, sheath surrounding the buckle and associated biofilm, a prolonged course of systemic antibiotics may be necessary in some patients.

Scleral Buckle Infection Caused by Mycobacterium chelonae: A Case Report

“…Moreover, silicone sponge buckle elements can promote the development of a biofilm, which is thought to be responsible for scleral buckle infections even without exposure to the buckle. 10 , 11 Fortunately, there could be no biofilm development found in our current case, which would have demonstrated a good response to our therapy.…”

16S and 23S rRNA Gene Mutation Independent Multidrug Resistance of Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria Isolated from South Korean Soil

“…Antibiotic resistance is a major emerging global issue that can threaten public health and food security [52,53]. Antibiotic resistance of NTM has been described in previous studies [54][55][56][57]. Several studies reported evidence of the transmission of NTM infection from environmental sources [51,58].…”

Surgical cure of clarithromycin resistant Mycobacterium chelonae breast implant infection: A case report and review of the literature

“…We identified 9 reports with 12 patients where CRMC was identified. Only one patient, a patient with a scleral buckle infection had CRMC identified on initial culture without a described history of pre-exposure to macrolides [33] . Four more patients are described from a cystic fibrosis NTM registry and were likely to have had prior macrolide exposure, but this was not confirmed [34] .…”

“…al (2018) [34] 4 Archived isolates from Cystic Fibrosis patients Not described Unknown, but likely Not Described Not described Not described Not described Churgin et. al (2018) [33] 1 56 M scleral buckle (placed 20 years previous for retinal detachment) infection No Not described Yes linezolid, clarithromycin, IV Imipenem × 3 weeks Prior to treatment Improved Mannelli et. al (2018) [41] 1 47 M prosthetic hip infection + skin lesions.…”