Multi-electron transfer catalysis for energy conversion based on abundant transition metals

Tributsch, H.

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2006.03.111

Cited by 34 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Several groups have since developed Fe/N/C and Co/N/C electrocatalysts and their work has been summarized in a recent review [3]. Since this review was written, several researchers (including our group) have continued to follow Yeager's steps and obtained Fe and Co-based catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) that are active in fuel cell conditions [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fe/N/C non-precious catalysts for PEM fuel cells: Influence of the structural parameters of pristine commercial carbon blacks on their activity for oxygen reduction

Charreteur¹,

Jaouen²,

Ruggéri³

et al. 2008

Electrochimica Acta

298

259

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fe/N/C non-precious catalysts for PEM fuel cells: Influence of the structural parameters of pristine commercial carbon blacks on their activity for oxygen reduction

Charreteur¹,

Jaouen²,

Ruggéri³

et al. 2008

Electrochimica Acta

298

259

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“…Nonlinear chemical reaction thermodynamics was developed as well [14,15]. This chemical work has continued on: for example with studies of cooperative electron transfer [16,17]. Other examples of work related to Onsager relations and extension into nonlinear realms include a nonlinear analysis developed to describe nonelectrolyte transport in kidney tubules and a phenomenological approach to analyze nonlinear aspects of electrokinetic effects [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic induction effects exhibited in nonequilibrium systems with variable kinetic coefficients

Patitsas

2014

Phys. Rev. E

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A nonequilibrium thermodynamic theory demonstrating an induction effect of a statistical nature is presented. We have shown that this thermodynamic induction can arise in a class of systems that have variable kinetic coefficients (VKC). In particular if a kinetic coefficient associated with a given thermodynamic variable depends on another thermodynamic variable then we have derived an expression that can predict the extent of the induction. The amount of induction is shown to be proportional to the square of the driving force. The nature of the intervariable coupling for the induction effect has similarities with the Onsager symmetry relations, though there is an important sign difference as well as the magnitudes not being equal. Thermodynamic induction adds nonlinear terms that improve the stability of stationary states, at least within the VKC class of systems. Induction also produces a term in the expression for the rate of entropy production that could be interpreted as self-organization. Many of these results are also obtained using a variational approach, based on maximizing entropy production, in a certain sense. Non-equilibrium quantities analogous to the free energies of equilibrium thermodynamics are introduced.

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“…[2,3] Effective multielectron processes are well recognized as crucial to achieving this goal. [2,[4][5][6] In this highlight, we argue that the convergence of these urgent contemporary issues should provide a profound inspiration to move beyond traditional thinking in chemistry and promote fertile new directions in chemical research. As this report is not intended as an exhaustive review, our discussion and examples are naturally limited and biased toward ideas we feel are particularly noteworthy for any dialogue they may inspire in generating new research directions.…”

Section: Urgency: the Chemical Problem Of Energy Changementioning

confidence: 99%

The Chemical Problem of Energy Change: Multi-Electron Processes

Hughes

Krausz

2012

Aust. J. Chem.

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This special issue is focussed on arguably the most important fundamental question in contemporary chemical research: how to efficiently and economically convert abundant and thermodynamically stable molecules, such as H 2 O, CO 2 , and N 2 into useable fuel and food sources. The 3 billion year evolutionary experiment of nature has provided a blueprint for the answer: multi-electron catalysis. However, unlike one-electron transfer, we have no refined theories for multi-electron processes. This is despite its centrality to much of chemistry, particularly in catalysis and biology. In this article we highlight recent research developments relevant to this theme with emphasis on the key physical concepts and premises: (i) multi-electron processes as stepwise single-electron transfer events; (ii) proton-coupled electron transfer; (iii) stimulated, concerted, and co-operative phenomena; (iv) feedback mechanisms that may enhance electron transfer rates by minimizing activation barriers; and (v) non-linearity and far-from-equilibrium considerations. The aim of our discussion is to provide inspiration for new directions in chemical research, in the context of an urgent contemporary issue.

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Multi-electron transfer catalysis for energy conversion based on abundant transition metals

Cited by 34 publications

References 56 publications

Fe/N/C non-precious catalysts for PEM fuel cells: Influence of the structural parameters of pristine commercial carbon blacks on their activity for oxygen reduction

Fe/N/C non-precious catalysts for PEM fuel cells: Influence of the structural parameters of pristine commercial carbon blacks on their activity for oxygen reduction

Thermodynamic induction effects exhibited in nonequilibrium systems with variable kinetic coefficients

The Chemical Problem of Energy Change: Multi-Electron Processes

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