Multi-element association analysis of stream sediment geochemistry data for predicting gold deposits in Barramiya gold mine, Eastern Desert, Egypt

Harraz, Hassan Z.; Hamdy, Mohamed M.; El-Mamoney, M.

doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2012.03.009

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Rather, the sphalerite-related sulphidation event holds a greater promise to finding primary gold mineralization in the region. Gold deposits in which sphalerite is related to the ore are well known [e.g., 5,28,29]. The argument in support of possible quartz vein mineralization in the area is examined further below.…”

Section: Interpretation and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold grade variation and stream sediment geochemistry of the Vaimba-Lidi drainage system, northern Cameroon (West Africa)

Embui¹,

Omang²,

Vivian³

et al. 2013

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Stream sediment geochemistry remains a versatile tool in exploration especially in regionswhere knowledge of the primary mineralization is lacking and the exploration activities are still at reconnaissance stage. In this study, we investigate the concentrations of gold and associated elements in stream sediment samples from the Vaimba-Lidi drainage system in northern Cameroon; a relatively remote area where alluvial gold is worked locally, and exploration activities are at early stage. The main river and its principal first and second order tributaries were sampled, panned for gold grain recovery and the 100 μm size fraction analyzed for Au by fire assay with Ni finish. A suite of other elements were analyzed for by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Gold grades estimated by the panning and weighing technique rarely exceed 1 g/t while the Au concentrations from chemical analysis range from 3.0 to 354.0 ppm. The spatial distribution of gold and all the other elements are presented as point symbol maps and the data analyzed using multivariate statistics. From the principal component analysis (PCA), the As-Mo-W-Ag as well as the Au-Zn factors point to the presence of primary hydrothermal gold-sulphide mineralization in the area and this can be further investigated. These results highlight the importance of multielement analysis and multivariate statistical interpretation of sediment geochemical data in inferring the nature of the underlying primary mineralization in any region.No represents the number of samples with concentrations above their detection limit used to calculated the statistics, Min, Max, Std. D represents the Minimum, Maximum concentration value and standard diversion, respecively, / represents no value. t

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Section: Interpretation and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold grade variation and stream sediment geochemistry of the Vaimba-Lidi drainage system, northern Cameroon (West Africa)

Embui¹,

Omang²,

Vivian³

et al. 2013

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“…In addition to basic statistics, factor analysis was used to identify underlying variables or factors that explain the pattern of correlations within and between the biochemical and geochemical sets of the variables described above. Factor analysis was previously successfully employed using environmental data and was particularly tested for the purposes of mineral exploration (Harraz et al 2012) and to interpret diverse geochemical datasets (Tripathi 1979;Ijmker et al 2012) as well as water or soil chemical data (Fitzpatrick et al 2007). The authors assume that this method is also well suited to studying relationships and chemical/biochemical interactions in the soil/plant system and, to their knowledge, has not yet been used for this purpose.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing forest health via linking the geochemical properties of a soil profile with the biochemical parameters of vegetation

Kopačková

Lhotáková

Oulehle

et al. 2014

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The transfer of chemical elements/compounds within the soil-plant chain is a part of the biochemical cycling, and this system is controlled by biotic and abiotic factors which determine the final mobility and availability of chemical variables. Heavy metal contamination and low pH are stress factors that lead to changes in the contents of important foliage compounds, which can be used as nonspecific indicators of plant stress. In this study, Norway spruce forests in the Sokolov region, being a part of the ''Black Triangle,'' were selected to assess geochemical and biochemical interactions in the natural soil/plant system. The authors studied the relationship between soil and spruce needle contents of macronutrients and potentially toxic elements and tested whether the soil parameters and their vertical distribution within a soil profile (two organic and two mineral horizons) affect foliage biochemical parameters (contents of photosynthetic pigments, phenolic compounds and lignin). Factor analysis was used to identify underlying variables that explained the pattern of correlations within and between the biochemical and geochemical datasets. Aluminum (Al) and arsenic (As) were identified as toxic elements with high bio-availability for spruce trees, and both were taken up by trees and translocated to the foliage. The correlations between two toxic element contents in needles (Al and As) and the contents of soluble phenolic compounds and total carotenoid to chlorophyll ratio suggest that these latter two biochemical parameters, which both proved to be sensitive to the soil geochemical conditions, can serve as suitable non-specific stress markers.

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“…These parameters can not only enhance the understanding of geochemical distribution, but also help determine the association of geochemical elements using clustering analysis. [19,34,40,[50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59]. These statistical methods can serve as powerful tools for the interpretation of element distributions, and thereby improving our knowledge of the dispersion process of geochemical elements.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A variety of statistical models have been used to analyze exploration geochemical data during the past several decades [3,5,7,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49]. Commonly used methods for determining associations of geochemical elements include multivariate statistical analysis (e.g., principal component analysis, clustering analysis, factor analysis) and visually inspecting the degree of coincidence of spatial variation patterns for different elements [19,34,40,[50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59]. These statistical methods can serve as powerful tools for the interpretation of element distributions, and thereby improving our knowledge of the dispersion process of geochemical elements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the Distribution Characteristics of Geochemical Elements and Identifying Their Associations in Southwestern Fujian Province, China

Wang

2020

Minerals

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The distribution of geochemical elements in the surficial media is the end product of geochemical dispersion under complex geological conditions. This study explored the frequency and spatial distribution characteristics of geochemical elements and their associations. It quantifies the frequency distribution via mean, variance, skewness and kurtosis, followed by measuring the spatial distribution characteristics (i.e., spatial autocorrelation, heterogeneity and self-similarity) via semivariogram, q-statistic and multifractal spectrum, and further identify the elemental associations based on these distribution parameters using hierarchical clustering. A criterion was defined to identify the importance of parameters in the clustering procedure. A case study processing a geochemical dataset of stream sediment samples collected in southwestern Fujian province of China was carried out to illustrate and validate the procedure. The results indicate that studies of the frequency and spatial distribution characteristics of geochemical elements can enhance the knowledge of geochemical dispersions. The associations identified based on the frequency and spatial distribution parameters are different from those obtained by conventional cluster analysis. Spatial distribution characteristics cannot be neglected when investigating the distribution patterns of geochemical elements and their associations. The findings can enhance the knowledge of the geochemical dispersion in the study area and might benefit the following-up mineral exploration.

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Multi-element association analysis of stream sediment geochemistry data for predicting gold deposits in Barramiya gold mine, Eastern Desert, Egypt

Cited by 27 publications

References 28 publications

Gold grade variation and stream sediment geochemistry of the Vaimba-Lidi drainage system, northern Cameroon (West Africa)

Gold grade variation and stream sediment geochemistry of the Vaimba-Lidi drainage system, northern Cameroon (West Africa)

Assessing forest health via linking the geochemical properties of a soil profile with the biochemical parameters of vegetation

Quantifying the Distribution Characteristics of Geochemical Elements and Identifying Their Associations in Southwestern Fujian Province, China

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