Multi‐infarct dementia in Down's syndrome

Collacott, R. A.; Cooper, S.-A.; Ismail, Ismail A.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1994.tb00375.x

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Interestingly, there are no systematic studies in DS brain to evaluate the distribution of CAA with age, which could be accomplished by MR studies or by autopsy. With increased CAA and Aβ1-40 in DS, interestingly, VCID (or multi-infarct dementia as it was termed then) per se is rare with only one case report in the literature of a 55-year old woman with DS [19]. …”

Section: Cerebrovascular Pathology In Down Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrovascular contributions to aging and Alzheimer's disease in Down syndrome

Wilcock

Schmitt

Head

2016

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Diseas

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Down syndrome (DS) is a common cause of intellectual disability and is also associated with early age of onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Due to an extra copy of chromosome 21, most adults over 40 years old with DS have beta-amyloid plaques as a result of overexpression of the amyloid precursor protein. Cerebrovascular pathology may also be a significant contributor to neuropathology observed in the brains of adults with DS. This review describes the features of cardiovascular dysfunction and cerebrovascular pathology in DS that may be modifiable risk factors and thus targets for interventions. We will describe cerebrovascular pathology, the role of comorbidities, imaging studies indicating vascular pathology and the possible consequences. It is clear that our understanding of aging and AD in people with DS will benefit from further studies to determine the role that cerebrovascular dysfunction contributes to cognitive health.

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Section: Cerebrovascular Pathology In Down Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrovascular contributions to aging and Alzheimer's disease in Down syndrome

Wilcock

Schmitt

Head

2016

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Diseas

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“…Extensive cerebrovascular hemorrhages and stroke are associated with CAA in DS [ 8 , 18 , 31 , 39 , 40 , 43 ] in most studies but not in all [ 30 , 35 ]; the majority of these studies are based on small autopsy series or case reports. Despite increased CAA in DS with age, VCID (or multi-infarct dementia as it was termed then [ 16 ]) is rare with only one case report in the literature of a 55-year old woman with DS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrovascular pathology in Down syndrome and Alzheimer disease

Head

Phelan

Doran

et al. 2017

acta neuropathol commun

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People with Down syndrome (DS) are at high risk for developing Alzheimer disease (AD) with age. Typically, by age 40 years, most people with DS have sufficient neuropathology for an AD diagnosis. Interestingly, atherosclerosis and hypertension are atypical in DS with age, suggesting the lack of these vascular risk factors may be associated with reduced cerebrovascular pathology. However, because the extra copy of APP leads to increased beta-amyloid peptide (Aβ) accumulation in DS, we hypothesized that there would be more extensive and widespread cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) with age in DS relative to sporadic AD. To test this hypothesis CAA, atherosclerosis and arteriolosclerosis were used as measures of cerebrovascular pathology and compared in post mortem tissue from individuals with DS (n = 32), sporadic AD (n = 80) and controls (n = 37). CAA was observed with significantly higher frequencies in brains of individuals with DS compared to sporadic AD and controls. Atherosclerosis and arteriolosclerosis were rare in the cases with DS. CAA in DS may be a target for future interventional clinical trials.

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“…1996). Also, there are concerns that cerebro‐vascular disease and multi‐infarct dementia may be missed or under‐reported (Collacott et al. 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, people with learning disabilities may show premature ageing of their immune systems and they also have a higher risk of congenital heart disease (Evenhuis et al 2001) and there are some concerns too of the development of or the increase in seizure activity (McVicker et al 1994;Johannssen et al 1996). Also, there are concerns that cerebro-vascular disease and multiinfarct dementia may be missed or under-reported (Collacott et al 1994). • Other medical conditions such as thyroid problems may also result in behaviour that may look like the consequences of dementia (Janicki & Dalton 1999) and a paper by Nicholson et al (1994) reported that an ongoing longitudinal study was showing that six of nine adults with Down syndrome diagnosed with dementia had autoimmune thyroiditis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%