Multi‐Instrument Observations of the Ionospheric Response to the 26 December 2019 Solar Eclipse Over Indian and Southeast Asian Longitudes

Barad, Rajesh Kumar; Sripathi, S.; England, S.

doi:10.1029/2022ja030330

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The absence of the sandwich feature in the TECP data reveals some limitations in how much the inhomogeneous solar EUV illumination can directly modulate the ionosphere. Our findings on emergent features of wavelike perturbations in TEC data during the 26 December 2019 eclipse are consistent with Barad et al (2022), who found similar features from observations over the Indian region, while ours came from the Southeast Asian region and specifically over the Indonesian sector.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In this paper, we investigated the ionospheric response to the 26 December 2019 annular solar eclipse event over the Indonesian sector using a combination of ionosonde and GNSS receiver observations, in conjunction with solar image analysis. The present work adds to existing analyses of this particular event performed independently by Aa et al (2020) and Barad et al (2022) over the Indian and Southeast Asian longitudes. Section 2 of this paper describes the methodology, Section 3 describes the observation results, Section 4 presents a discussion of the findings, and Section 5 presents the conclusion.…”

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confidence: 85%

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Ionosonde and GPS Total Electron Content Observations during the 26 December 2019 Annular Solar Eclipse over Indonesia

Harjosuwito

Husin

Dear

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Abstract. We report our investigation of ionospheric effects due to the passage of an annular solar eclipse over Southeast Asia on 26 December 2019, using multiple set of observations. Two ionosondes (one at Kototabang and another at Pontianak) were used to measure dynamical changes in the ionospheric layer during the event. A network of ground-based GPS receiver stations in Indonesia were used to derive the distribution of total electron content (TEC) over the region. In addition, extreme ultraviolet (EUV) images of the Sun from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) instrument on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) satellite were also analyzed to determine possible impacts of solar active regions on the changes that occurred in the ionosphere during the eclipse. We found −1.67 MHz and −1.58 MHz reduction (23.2 % and 22.4 % relative reduction) in foF2 during the solar eclipse over Kototabang and Pontianak, respectively. The respective TEC reduction over Kototabang and Pontianak during the eclipse was −4.34 TECU and −5.45 TECU (24.9 % and 27.9 % relative reduction). Overall, there was 34–36 minutes delay from maximum eclipse until minimum foF2 was reached at these two locations. The corresponding time delays for eclipse-related TEC reduction at these two locations were 40 minutes and 16 minutes, respectively. The ionospheric F-layer was found to descend with a speed of 9–19 m/s during the first half of the eclipse period. We also found an apparent rise of the ionospheric F-layer height near the end of the solar eclipse period, equivalent to vertical drift velocity of 44–47 m/s. The GPS TEC data mapping along a set of cross-sectional cut lines indicate that the greatest TEC reduction actually occurred to the north of the solar eclipse path, opposite of the direction from which the lunar shadow fell. As the central path of the solar eclipse was located just to the north of the southern equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) crest, it is suspected that such a peculiar TEC reduction pattern was caused by plasma flow associated with the equatorial fountain effect. Net perturbations of TEC were also computed and analyzed, which revealed the presence some wavelike fluctuations associated with the solar eclipse event. Some of the observed TEC perturbation patterns that propagated with a velocity matching the lunar shadow may be explained in terms of non-uniform EUV illumination that arose as various active regions on the Sun went obstructed and unobstructed during the eclipse. The remaining wavelike features are likely to be traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) driven by acoustic-gravity waves (AGWs), generated by the passage of the solar eclipse on top of other diurnal factors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

mentioning

confidence: 85%

Ionosonde and GPS Total Electron Content Observations during the 26 December 2019 Annular Solar Eclipse over Indonesia

Harjosuwito

Husin

Dear

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…To decipher gravity waves launched upward from the top of the cyclone we have used data from SABER (Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry). The SABER constitutes one of the instrumental components integrated into the TIMED (Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics Dynamics) satellite (https://saber.gats-inc.com/browse_data.php) (e.g., Barad et al., 2022; Tikemani & Sivakumar, 2023). Our study exclusively employed data from SABER Version 2.0, spanning the period from 18 April to 11 May 2019 to include pre‐, post‐ and cyclone periods.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Lightning Activity in Deciphering Atmospheric Gravity Waves (AGWs) Induced D‐Region Ionospheric Perturbations During Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm (ESCS) Fani

Patil,

Moharana,

Maurya

et al. 2024

JGR Space Physics

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The study presents detailed meteorological characteristics of extremely severe cyclonic storm (ESCS) Fani, and subsequent Atmospheric Gravity Waves (AGWs) induced D‐region ionospheric perturbations and the role of lightning activity in it. The cyclone shaped as a weak disturbance over the north Indian Ocean (2.7°N, 89.7°E) on 25 April 2019. The disturbance intensified and evolved into ESCS Fani over Bay of Bengal (BoB) on 30 April, had landfall on 03 May, and dissipated after 04 May 2019. What makes Fani unique is its long life span of ∼10 days, and only ESCS to occur after ∼30 years over the BoB. Fani attained a minimum cloud top temperature of about −80°C, and a corresponding maximum cloud top altitude of about ∼17 km. Such meteorological conditions presented a strong convection process in the towering cumulonimbus in inner and outer rain bands, resulting in intense lightning activity. The peak lightning flash rate observed was ∼375 min−1. SABER observations confirmed the coupling of atmosphere with ionosphere with strong AGWs in middle atmosphere during Fani. NWC (19.8 kHz) Very Low Frequency signal intersecting the track of Fani is used to decipher D‐region ionospheric perturbations induced by AGWs from Fani. The results show the presence of increased AGW activity in D‐region during the cyclone period when compared to that of the pre‐ and post‐cyclone periods. The periods of the observed gravity waves are between ∼13 and 20 min, highlighting the important role of lightning activity and AGWs in atmosphere‐ionosphere coupling.

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“…Previous experiments show a high electrical voltage in our atmosphere during an eclipse. The shadow of the eclipse can cause changes in the ionosphere that are significant enough to affect radio wave propagation and possibly human physiology (Wang et al, 2022;Barad, Sripathi and England, 2022;Das, Barman, Pal, & Haldar, 2022;Chernogor, Garmash, Guo, Luo, Rozumenko, & Zheng, 2020).…”

Section: Figure 1 Date Of Total Solar Eclipsementioning

confidence: 99%

Social Media Sentiment Analysis for Solar Eclipse with Text Mining

Korkmaz¹,

Bulut²

2023

acin

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This study investigated public sentiment and emotional reactions to the Partial Solar Eclipse that occurred on October 25, 2022, by analyzing Twitter data. By leveraging text mining techniques and sentiment analysis, the research aims to understand individuals' diverse emotions and perspectives in response to this natural event. Tweets related to the solar eclipse were collected, preprocessed, and analyzed using different sentiment analysis libraries, including NRC and Bing, to identify positive and negative emotions associated with the event. Results revealed that 75% of the analyzed tweets were positive, indicating that most users had a favorable view of the solar eclipse, associating it with new beginnings and change. In contrast, fewer individuals expressed negative emotions, linking the event to potential harm or divine punishment. The study demonstrates the value of sentiment analysis in understanding public sentiment and emotional reactions to natural events, providing insights into societal perceptions and attitudes toward these occurrences.

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Multi‐Instrument Observations of the Ionospheric Response to the 26 December 2019 Solar Eclipse Over Indian and Southeast Asian Longitudes

Cited by 12 publications

References 51 publications

Ionosonde and GPS Total Electron Content Observations during the 26 December 2019 Annular Solar Eclipse over Indonesia

Ionosonde and GPS Total Electron Content Observations during the 26 December 2019 Annular Solar Eclipse over Indonesia

Role of Lightning Activity in Deciphering Atmospheric Gravity Waves (AGWs) Induced D‐Region Ionospheric Perturbations During Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm (ESCS) Fani

Social Media Sentiment Analysis for Solar Eclipse with Text Mining

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