Multi-nodal nano-actuator pacemaker for energy-efficient stimulation of cardiomyocytes

Lu, Pengfei; Veletić, Mladen; Laasmaa, Martin; Vendelin, Marko; Louch, William E.; Halvorsen, Per Steinar; Bergsland, Jacob; Balasingham, Ilangko

doi:10.1016/j.nancom.2019.100270

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The stimulation affects the membrane through the extracellular solution, which leads to the generation of membrane potential fluctuations [32]. With direct stimulation-an approach used by the recently proposed nano-actuators [1]-the microelectrode is attached to the cardiomyocyte directly. This approach, however, induces the environmental disturbance in the form of input-dependent noise [33,34], and the membrane-related noise [35].…”

Section: Noise In the Subthreshold Cardiac Communication Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the presence of heart muscle damage, heart conduction may be disturbed, and artificial pacemakers are needed to re-establish regular cardiac operation [1,2]. In our recent paper, we discussed state-of-the-art pacemakers, and proposed a conceptual nano-actuator-network-based leadless pacemaker to overcome limitations imposed by battery longevity [1] (Figure 1b). Such a leadless device would pace numerous parts of the heart, using nano-actuators inter-connecting with individual cardiomyocytes, perform basic stimulation tasks by injecting current to the cytosol, and work in synchrony to optimize the energy used by individual batteries in the devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Theoretical Aspects of Resting-State Cardiomyocyte Communication for Multi-Nodal Nano-Actuator Pacemakers

Veletić

Bergsland

et al. 2020

Sensors

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The heart consists of billions of cardiac muscle cells—cardiomyocytes—that work in a coordinated fashion to supply oxygen and nutrients to the body. Inter-connected specialized cardiomyocytes form signaling channels through which the electrical signals are propagated throughout the heart, controlling the heart’s beat to beat function of the other cardiac cells. In this paper, we study to what extent it is possible to use ordinary cardiomyocytes as communication channels between components of a recently proposed multi-nodal leadless pacemaker, to transmit data encoded in subthreshold membrane potentials. We analyze signal propagation in the cardiac infrastructure considering noise in the communication channel by performing numerical simulations based on the Luo-Rudy computational model. The Luo-Rudy model is an action potential model but describes the potential changes with time including membrane potential and action potential stages, separated by the thresholding mechanism. Demonstrating system performance, we show that cardiomyocytes can be used to establish an artificial communication system where data are reliably transmitted between 10 s of cells. The proposed subthreshold cardiac communication lays the foundation for a new intra-cardiac communication technique.

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Section: Noise In the Subthreshold Cardiac Communication Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Theoretical Aspects of Resting-State Cardiomyocyte Communication for Multi-Nodal Nano-Actuator Pacemakers

Veletić

Bergsland

et al. 2020

Sensors

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“…Over the past decades, growing interest in nanotechnological applications has required a deep knowledge of mechanical behavior of micro-and nano-structures conceived as basic components of smaller and smaller electromechanical devices. Among the wide variety of micro/nano-electro-mechanical systems there are biosensors (Soukarié et al, 2020), actuators (Lu et al, 2019), resonators (Chorsi and Chorsi, 2018), DNA switches (Chao et al, 2020), porous structures (Jankowski et al, 2020;Malikan et al, 2020b), valves/pumps (Banejad et al, 2020), advanced and composite structures (Sedighi et al, 2017;, energy harvesters (Ghayesh and Farokhi, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limit behaviour of Eringen’s two-phase elastic beams

Vaccaro

Pinnola

Sciarra

et al. 2021

European Journal of Mechanics - A/Solids

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In this paper, the bending behaviour of small-scale Bernoulli-Euler beams is investigated by Eringen's two-phase local/nonlocal theory of elasticity. Bending moments are expressed in terms of elastic curvatures by a convex combination of local and nonlocal contributions, that is a combination with non-negative scalar coefficients summing to unity. The nonlocal contribution is the convolution integral of the elastic curvature field with a suitable averaging kernel characterized by a scale parameter. The relevant structural problem, well-posed for non-vanishing local phases, is preliminarily formulated and exact elastic solutions of some simple beam problems are recalled. Limit behaviours of the obtained elastic solutions, analytically evaluated, studied and diagrammed, do not fulfill equilibrium requirements and kinematic boundary conditions. Accordingly, unlike alleged claims in literature, such asymptotic fields cannot be assumed as solutions of the purely nonlocal theory of beam elasticity. This conclusion agrees with the known result which the elastic equilibrium problem of beams of engineering interest formulated by Eringen's purely nonlocal theory admits no solution.

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“…In a concept of the multi-nodal leadless pacemaker which we have recently proposed [3], communication of sensed data and commands for current injections between synthetic cells or capsules placed in atrial or ventricle can be realized utilizing cardiomyocytes, thus enabling an alternative transmission pathway and connectivity which bypass the damaged natural conduction system. Intercellular cardiomyocyte signal transmission provides interesting insights into data transmission and scheduling using the cardiomyocyte system as a transmission channel without interrupting the natural, ongoing cell-to-cell communication needed for heart function [4]- [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Communication Aspects of Potassium Intracellular Signaling in Cardiomyocytes

Veletić

Bergsland

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

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Cardiovascular diseases continue to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cardiomyocytes, as the elementary heart components, play a crucial role in maintaining a healthy heart by coordinating contractions throughout the heart muscle that lead to a heartbeat. This study aims to characterize fine-grained ionic-level manipulation of cardiomyocytes for the controlled electrical activity that will offer new insights within the medical field. We explore the concept of Molecular Communications (MC) to analyze the propagation of potassium ions in the cardiomyocyte cytosol. By associating the number of the potassium ions in the cytosol with the membrane-and action potentials, we use metrics from the wellknown Shannon's information theory to optimize the ionic injection process and manipulate cardiomyocytes electrical activity. In case ON/OFF keying modulation is adopted as the potassium ion injection method, the optimal input distribution in terms of information capacity follows the derived Bernoulli distribution. This study offers underlying concepts that can be exploited in the creation of cardiomyocyte signals either for data communication via cellular infrastructure or heart pacing. The framework presented here needs to be upgraded in the following phases and made more physiologically plausible. INDEX TERMS Cardiomyocyte, channel capacity, intracellular communication, molecular communication, subthreshold communication.

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Multi-nodal nano-actuator pacemaker for energy-efficient stimulation of cardiomyocytes

Cited by 4 publications

References 34 publications

Theoretical Aspects of Resting-State Cardiomyocyte Communication for Multi-Nodal Nano-Actuator Pacemakers

Theoretical Aspects of Resting-State Cardiomyocyte Communication for Multi-Nodal Nano-Actuator Pacemakers

Limit behaviour of Eringen’s two-phase elastic beams

Molecular Communication Aspects of Potassium Intracellular Signaling in Cardiomyocytes

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