Multi‐objective optimisation method for coordinating battery storage systems, photovoltaic inverters and tap changers

Abstract

The many well-established advantages of distributed generation (DG) make their usage in active distribution networks prevalent. However, uncontrolled operation of DG units can negatively interfere with the performance of other equipment, such as tap-changers, in addition to resulting in sub-optimal usage of their potential. Thus, adequate scheduling/ control of DG units is critical for operators of the distribution system to avoid those adverse effects. A linearised model of a multiobjective method for coordinating the operation of photovoltaics, battery storage systems, and tap-changers is proposed. Three objective functions are defined for simultaneously enhancing voltage profile, minimising power losses, and reducing peak load power. The formulated multi-objective problem is solved by means of the epsilon-constraint technique. A novel decision-making methodology is offered to find the Pareto optimality and select the preferred solution. To assess to proposed model's performance, it is tested using 33-bus IEEE test system. Consequently, tap-changers suffer lessened stress, the batteries stateof-charge is kept within adequate limits, and the DG units operation is at higher efficiency. The obtained results verify the effectiveness of this approach. P MPPT (t) maximum PV active power achievable using the MPPT algorithm P si solar irradiance (kW/m 2) f voltage deviation function u BESS binary variable (0-charging; 1-discharging)

Unscented Kalman filtering method for scheduling photovoltaic power generation system fluctuations

“…The control of the power switches is complementary, and the converter always operates in a continuous current conduction mode, allowing bidirectional flow of current. 25 The average model is given by: where, R L is the inductor resistance, L is the inductor, E is the supply voltage, C is the capacitor, R C is the capacitor resistance, and i S is the current supplied/ absorbed by the DC bus. A is the duty cycle of the switch.…”

Optimal coordination of unbalanced power distribution systems with integrated photovoltaic systems and semi‐fast electric vehicles charging stations

“…A distribution static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM) is coordinated with OLTC and distributed generation in [13] to control the voltage and minimise the power losses. A multi‐objective method for coordinating PV, battery storage systems, and OLTC is proposed in [14] based on forecasting data. These proposed optimisation problems are based on the assumption of balanced distribution network operation and forecasts PV generation and load data.…”

Two‐phase BESS optimization methodology to enhance the distribution network power quality and mitigate violations

“…Yet, this study utilized a linear BESS model where the BESS system efficiency was neglected. Another multi‐objective optimization method is proposed in [14] to control single BESS to enhance the voltage profile, reduce power losses and peak load of an MV network with PV generation. Similarly for LV networks, study [15], a multi‐objective optimization is introduced to size and schedule a community BESS to optimize the losses and voltage unbalance while maintaining the network constraints within the safe limits.…”

“…s,t , P chr s,t ≤ P max s; ∀ s ∈ k; ∀t ∈ T s ; ∀ s ∈ k; ∀t ∈ T (12) s ; ∀s ∈ k ; ∀ t ∈ T (13)(d) PCS rating: The power handled by the PCS (inverter/charger) must not exceed its rating.) 2 ; ∀s ∈ k; ∀t ∈ T(14) …”