Multi-objective optimization and numerical modelling of helical coil spring for automotive application

Rahul, Mayur; Rameshkumar, K.

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.10.324

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Researchers are actively developing advanced computational models that incorporate material nonlinearities, anisotropic properties, and contact mechanics. Tese models are validated through experimental testing, ensuring accuracy and reliability [9,20,22,[38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Analysis and Optimization of Coil Spring for Three-Wheeler Vehicles Using Composite Materials

Abera,

Gebreyesus

2024

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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The quest for lightweight, efficient, and corrosion-resistant coil springs for vehicle suspension systems has led to the exploration of alternative materials beyond traditional steel. This study delves into the potential of composite materials, particularly carbon/epoxy and carbon/carbon nanotube/epoxy, as replacements for conventional steel coil springs in light vehicles. Through a comprehensive analysis of mechanical properties under static and dynamic loading conditions, the study demonstrates the superior performance of composite springs compared to their steel counterparts. After optimization, the deflection of the carbon/carbon nanotube/epoxy and carbon/epoxy springs decreased to 15.003 mm and 18.703 mm, respectively, and the maximum shear stress decreased by 64.63% and 62.2%, respectively. Likewise, strain energies increased to 2.3644 and 3.5616, respectively. The springs were also studied under dynamic conditions, and the result showed these springs have the ability to perform in dynamic conditions. The carbon/carbon nanotube/epoxy composite emerged as the frontrunner, exhibiting remarkable improvements in shear stress, fatigue life, strain energy, and deformation properties. The study highlights the ability of carbon/carbon nanotube/epoxy composite springs to significantly reduce weight, enhance efficiency, and extend fatigue life, making them a promising alternative for next-generation vehicle suspension systems.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Analysis and Optimization of Coil Spring for Three-Wheeler Vehicles Using Composite Materials

Abera,

Gebreyesus

2024

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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“…Commercial CAD software is used in work on analyzing the properties of springs with relatively simple geometries (Gu et al, 2020;Rahul & Rameshkumar, 2021;Arshad et al, 2022), since it has limited capabilities for shaping the geometry of helical springs and usually allows only the control of selected parameters within an arbitrarily imposed spring scheme, most often in accordance with EN 13906-1:2013 standard. Other studies that used CAD software with such limitations include (Chandravanshi & Mukhopadhyay, 2017;Gzal et al, 2017;Nazir et al, 2020;Sahu et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Method for Generating Virtual Models of Nonlinear Helical Springs Based on a Rigorous Mathematical Model

Michalczyk¹,

Warzecha

Baran

2023

acs

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This paper presents a new method for generating nonlinear helical spring geometries based on a rigorous mathematical formulation. The model was developed for two scenarios for modifying a spring with a stepped helix angle: for a fixed helix angle of the active coils and for a fixed overall height of the spring. It allows the development of compression spring geometries with non-linear load-deflection curves, while maintaining predetermined values of selected geometrical parameters such as the number of passive and active coils and the total height or helix angle of the linear segment of the active coils. Based on the proposed models, Python scripts were developed that can be implemented in any CAD software offering scripting capabilities or equipped with Application Programming Interfaces. Examples of scripts that use the developed model to generate the geometry of selected springs are presented. FEM analyses of quasi-static compression tests carried out for these spring models have shown that, using the proposed tools, springs with a wide range of variation in static load-deflection curves can be obtained, including progressive springs with a high degree of nonlinearity in the characteristics. The obtained load-deflection curves can be described with a high degree of accuracy by power function. The proposed method can find applications in both machine design and spring manufacturing.

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“…This situation also ensures that the spring retains its usefulness over long periods. Rahul and Rameshkumar 17 aimed to reduce the spring volume and increase the strain energy in the helical coil spring design used in automotive. They also used genetic algorithms in their optimization studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of spring parameters by using the Bees algorithm for the foldable wing mechanism

Şahin

Kulunk

2022

Sci Rep

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In this study, the design of the torsion and compression springs of the foldable wing mechanism used in the missile is considered an optimization problem. After the missile leaves the tube, the wings waiting in a closed state must be opened and fixed within a specific time. The study it is aimed to maximize the energy stored by the springs so that the wing can be opened in a minimum time. In this context, the energy equation in both publications is defined as the objective function in the optimization process. Wire diameter, coiling diameter, coiling number, and deflection parameters required for spring design were determined as optimization variables. There are geometrical constraints for the variables due to the dimensions of the mechanism and there are also safety factor constraints due to the loads to which the springs are exposed. The Bees Algorithm (BA) was used to solve this optimization problem and perform the spring design. The energy values obtained with BA were better than the values obtained with the Design of Experiment (DOE) study before. The springs and mechanism designed with the parameters obtained from the optimization were first analyzed in the ADAMS program. Afterward, experimental tests carried out by integrating the produced springs into the actual mechanism. As a result of the tests, it was observed that the wing opened at approximately 90 ms. This value is well below the project target of 200 ms. In addition, there is only a 16 ms difference between the analysis and the experimental results.

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Multi-objective optimization and numerical modelling of helical coil spring for automotive application

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

Design Analysis and Optimization of Coil Spring for Three-Wheeler Vehicles Using Composite Materials

Design Analysis and Optimization of Coil Spring for Three-Wheeler Vehicles Using Composite Materials

A New Method for Generating Virtual Models of Nonlinear Helical Springs Based on a Rigorous Mathematical Model

Optimization of spring parameters by using the Bees algorithm for the foldable wing mechanism

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