Multi-objective optimization of thermoplastic CF/PEKK drilling through a hybrid method: An approach towards sustainable manufacturing

Ge, Jia; Zhang, Wenchang; Luo, Ming; Catalanotti, G.; Falzon, Brian; Higgins, Colm; Zhang, Dinghua; Jin, Yan; Sun, Dan

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2022.107418

Cited by 23 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Similar findings can be appreciated in Koklu et al [12] and Domingo et al [13] respect to diameters. Ge et al [14] found that a relationship between the delamination and the hole wall temperature. And although a delamination reduction seems to occur in cryogenic drilling, there is still no clear identification of parameters, types of drill bits and even the temperature to be reached [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delamination Factor Analysis in Cryogenically Drilled Holes in Fiberglass Reinforced Structures

Domingo,

Rodríguez-Martín,

Calvo

et al. 2023

KEM

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Composite structures, such as glass fiber reinforced polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) and polyamide (PA66), usually undergo drilling operations for subsequent assembly. A typical problem with these composites is damage around the drilled surface due to a possible non-homogeneous cutting of the fibers. In this context, the delamination is evaluated after a cryogenic drilling. Thus, the objective of this paper is to determine the feasibility of cryogenic drilling considering surface damage after cryogenic machining, at hole the entry and exit. Experimental test were carried out in a machining center at a temperature close to -130 °C using liquid nitrogen, LN2, as cooling environment. The diameter of the drill is 6 mm and the drill tip is polycrystalline diamond (PCD). The plate material is PEEK-GF30 and PA66-GF30. The delamination factor was obtained using a three-dimensional measurement device with an optical sensor and a focus-variation device. The results obtained are favorable regarding the potential use of cryogenic machining.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delamination Factor Analysis in Cryogenically Drilled Holes in Fiberglass Reinforced Structures

Domingo,

Rodríguez-Martín,

Calvo

et al. 2023

KEM

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“…The use of CFRTP can reduce carbon footprints, benefiting the global economy and environment. 3 In practical applications, there are many forms of connection in CFRTP, such as welding, bonding, and mechanical connection. Among them, bolted connections are still an essential connection form.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the most obvious difference between CFRTP and CFRP is that some CFRTP have crystallization characteristics, which make composites ideal for advanced equipment in aerospace, medical, and transportation. The use of CFRTP can reduce carbon footprints, benefiting the global economy and environment 3 . In practical applications, there are many forms of connection in CFRTP, such as welding, bonding, and mechanical connection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation on effect of tool geometry on thermal and crystallization characteristics in drilling of carbon fiber reinforced PEEK composite

Yuan,

Liu,

Yang

et al. 2024

Polymer Composites

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This paper comprehensively investigated the effect of the tool geometries on heat transfer and special crystallization characteristics in the drilling of carbon fiber‐reinforced polyetheretherketone (CF/PEEK) composite for the first time. Three tools with different geometries (twist, brad, and dagger drill) are carried out on CF/PEEK drilling experiments, and temperature, as well as crystallinity and surface roughness, are introduced to make a comparative evaluation on the effect of the tool geometries. The results show that the drilling temperature is determined by the contact length of the profile between the drill and the material. Correspondingly, better surface quality with lower surface roughness and smoother surface is obtained by using a twist drill due to the heat‐induced PEEK smearing effect. Further, in situ XRD and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) were used to characterize the crystallization characteristics where crystal phase transformation at different temperatures was measured. The occurring temperature of the strongest crystallization characteristics for CF/PEEK is basically not affected by tool geometries, all at 300°C, and the limiting crystallization temperature is 344.5 ± 0.7°C. The crystallinity is found to be affected by drilling temperature and cooling rate and gradually decreases along the heat transfer direction. This work provides a new sight into the improvement of CF/PEEK drilling.Highlights The effect of tool geometries on thermal and crystallization for CF/PEEK is provided. In situ XRD and DSC are used to characterize crystallization characteristics. The drilling temperature and cooling rate are both determinants of crystallinity. The limiting crystallization temperature of the CF/PEEK composite is 344.5 ± 0.7°C. Heat‐induced PEEK smearing effect improves the surface quality of CF/PEEK drilling.

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“…CF/PEKK composites has attracted increasing interest in the aviation industry due to its selfhealing properties and ease of recycle and repair [1]. Their thermos-mechanical and creep behavior has been studied for aircraft applications [2] as well as their EMI shielding performances, if properly additivated [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive Layer Manufacturing of Carbon Fiber/PEKK Composites for Aeronautic Application

Quadrini,

Bellisario,

Iorio

et al. 2023

MSF

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A 3d printer has been prototyped for additive manufacturing of carbon fiber (CF) poly-ether-ketone-ketone (PEKK) composites. The machine consisted of a SCARA robot, equipped with an extrusion device. The nozzle was designed to allow the deposition of thin unidirectional (UD) tapes without affecting the fiber continuity. An elastic connection between the robot end-effector and the extruder was used for allowing tape agglomeration during manufacturing. Deposition tests were carried out at the extrusion temperature of 400°C and the rate of 130 mm/min, for a maximum number of 3 layers on a CF-epoxy laminate as substrate. The good agglomeration of the 3d printed parts and their adhesion on the composite substrate are shown by the resulted final thickness, and the ability to machine them by end milling. Results show the feasibility of using this technology for the manufacturing of composite shims in the aeronautic sector.

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Multi-objective optimization of thermoplastic CF/PEKK drilling through a hybrid method: An approach towards sustainable manufacturing

Cited by 23 publications

References 46 publications

Delamination Factor Analysis in Cryogenically Drilled Holes in Fiberglass Reinforced Structures

Delamination Factor Analysis in Cryogenically Drilled Holes in Fiberglass Reinforced Structures

Experimental investigation on effect of tool geometry on thermal and crystallization characteristics in drilling of carbon fiber reinforced PEEK composite

Additive Layer Manufacturing of Carbon Fiber/PEKK Composites for Aeronautic Application

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