Multi-omics analysis reveals the glycolipid metabolism response mechanism in the liver of genetically improved farmed Tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus) under hypoxia stress

Abstract

Background Dissolved oxygen (DO) in the water is a vital abiotic factor in aquatic animal farming. A hypoxic environment affects the growth, metabolism, and immune system of fish. Glycolipid metabolism is a vital energy pathway under acute hypoxic stress, and it plays a significant role in the adaptation of fish to stressful environments. In this study, we used multi-omics integrative analyses to explore the mechanisms of hypoxia adaptation in Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus). Results The 96 h median lethal hypoxia (96 h-LH50) for GIFT was determined by linear interpolation. We established control (DO: 5.00 mg/L) groups (CG) and hypoxic stress (96 h-LH50: 0.55 mg/L) groups (HG) and extracted liver tissues for high-throughput transcriptome and metabolome sequencing. A total of 581 differentially expressed (DE) genes and 93 DE metabolites were detected between the CG and the HG. Combined analyses of the transcriptome and metabolome revealed that glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and the insulin signaling pathway were down-regulated, the pentose phosphate pathway was activated, and the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and fatty acid metabolism were up-regulated in GIFT under hypoxia stress. Conclusions The results show that lipid metabolism became the primary pathway in GIFT under acute hypoxia stress. Our findings reveal the changes in metabolites and gene expression that occur under hypoxia stress, and shed light on the regulatory pathways that function under such conditions. Ultimately, this information will be useful to devise strategies to decrease the damage caused by hypoxia stress in farmed fish.

Effects of Stocking Density on the Growth Performance, Physiological Parameters, Redox Status and Lipid Metabolism of Micropterus salmoides in Integrated Rice–Fish Farming Systems

“…Its activation can stimulate lipid biosynthesis [ 88 ] and regulate lipid deposition by activating lipogenesis and inhibiting fatty acid oxidation [ 89 ]. Multi-omics analyses revealed that the insulin signaling pathway was downregulated in the liver of O. niloticus under hypoxia stress [ 90 ]. In our work, the GSEA data were more inclined to indicate a downregulated insulin signaling pathway in the liver of M. salmoides under the HD treatment.…”

Hif-2α regulates lipid metabolism in alcoholic fatty liver disease through mitophagy

“…Multiple pathologic conditions can induce tissue hypoxia, which is an important mediator of lipid metabolism [ 30 , 31 ]. Chronic and acute alcohol intake stimulates hepatic oxygen consumption, and subsequently causes hepatic hypoxia, leading to Hif pathway activation.…”

Determination of the Effects of Duodenal Infusion Soy Protein Hydrolysate on Hepatic Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Pigs Through Multi-Omics Analysis

“…Based on a previously described method ( 17 ), liver tissues were prepared from the CON and SPH groups for liquid chromatograph–mass spectrometer (LC–MS) analysis. The tissue samples (~50 mg) were homogenized in pre-cooled 50% methanol buffer (120 μl) using a high-throughput TissueLyser (Xinzhi Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Ningbo, China).…”