Multi-omics reveal neuroprotection of Acer truncatum Bunge Seed extract on hypoxic-ischemia encephalopathy rats under high-altitude

Abstract

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) at high-altitudes leads to neonatal mortality and long-term neurological complications without effective treatment. Acer truncatum Bunge Seed extract (ASO) is reported to have effect on cognitive improvement, but its molecular mechanisms on HIE are unclear. In this study, ASO administration contributed to reduced neuronal cell edema and improved motor ability in HIE rats at a simulated 4500-meter altitude. Transcriptomics and WGCNA analysis showed genes associated with lipid biosynthesis, redox homeostasis, neuronal growth, and synaptic plasticity regulated in the ASO group. Targeted and untargeted-lipidomics revealed decreased free fatty acids and increased phospholipids with favorable ω-3/ω-6/ω-9 fatty acid ratios, as well as reduced oxidized glycerophospholipids (OxGPs) in the ASO group. Combining multi-omics analysis demonstrated FA to FA-CoA, phospholipids metabolism, and lipid peroxidation were regulated by ASO treatment. Our results illuminated preliminary metabolism mechanism of ASO ingesting in rats, implying ASO administration as potential intervention strategy for HIE under high-altitude.

Changes of fatty acid metabolism in FA 26:0, FA 22:2 and FA 24:1 are associated with leukoaraiosis in the elderly

“…Conversely, some studies indicate that C24:1 has contributed to brain growth and cognition [20,21,51]. In our study, we observed a signi cant decrease in Cer24:1 and FA24:1 in the LA group.…”

“…In addition, fatty acids associated with neuronal membrane integrity and function are important for brain hypoperfusion [19]. Our previous study also suggest the effects of nervonic acid (FA 24:1) on neuroprotection of rats suffered by hypoxic-ischemia encephalopathy [20,21]. A study including 794 000 non-overlapping people and 34817 cerebrovascular outcomes proves that level of long chain omega 3 fatty acids is inverse association with cerebrovascular risk [22].…”

“…The changes of fatty acids are closely related to cerebral small vessel hemorrhage [25]. Therefore, a partial least squares path modeling (PLSP modeling) was conducted to investigate the weights of altered lipid molecules and their fatty acids impacting on and association with outcome (CK or LA group) [21]. The results showed that changes of ω-6 fatty acids in lipid mole (r = |0.6149|, P < 0.001) and Cer (r = -0.5537, P < 0.001) played key roles contributing to the classi cation for CK and LA group.…”

Sphingolipid changes in mouse brain and plasma after mild traumatic brain injury at the acute phases

“…However, despite these precautions, subtle variations in pre-analytical procedures could still potentially impact the results. Moreover, analysis was limited by a small sample size, preventing advanced statistical techniques such as ternary plots or logistic regression [ 110 ]. It is important to validate these findings and undertake more comprehensive analyses with larger sample sizes.…”