Multi-petal cyclamen flowers produced by AGAMOUS chimeric repressor expression

Tanaka, Yuri; Oshima, Yoshimi; Yamamura, Tomomichi; Sugiyama, Masao; Mitsuda, Nobutaka; Ohtsubo, Norihiro; Ohme‐Takagi, Masaru; Terakawa, Teruhiko

doi:10.1038/srep02641

Cited by 54 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…These monocot species can be used for studies to modify floral organ development by overexpression or reduction of B-and C-class floral organ identity genes. The chimeric repressor of SRDX has been used successfully to reduce C-class gene expression and produce double-flowered mutants in morning glory and cyclamen (Sage-Ono et al, 2011;Tanaka et al, 2013). Recently, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) has been employed to reduce B-or C-class gene expression in ornamental plants such as Aquilegia, Phalaenopsis, and Petunia Hsieh et al, 2013;Kramer et al, 2007;Noor et al, 2014).…”

Section: Future Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanism Regulating Floral Architecture in Monocotyledonous Ornamental Plants

Kanno

2016

The Hortic J

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Molecular and genetic analyses of flower development have been conducted primarily in dicot model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana and Antirrhinum majus. The obtained data are the basis for the ABC model, which was extended to the ABCE model of floral development. This model has been validated in many dicot species using genetic transformation studies and mutant analyses. Many dicot flowers have two distinctive perianth whorls, which include greenish sepals and showy petals. By contrast, the monocot lily flower has two almost identical petaloid whorls, the inner and outer tepals. To explain this type of floral morphology, a modified ABC model, the further extended modified ABCE model, was proposed. According to this model, B-class genes are expressed in whorls 1-3, and whorls 1 and 2 form petaloid structures. This review describes the molecular mechanisms regulating flower development in monocots. Since the showy perianth is one of the most important traits in floricultural crops, we focused on the B-and C-class genes, which are related to the development and modification of the perianth. The review describes the expression patterns of floral organ identity genes, and presents functional studies using double-flowered and viridiflora cultivars in some monocot species. Besides lily-type flowers, there are several types of monocot flower, such as commelina type with two whorls of distinctive perianth, orchid and grass flowers. The review also describes the molecular analyses of these types of monocot flower.

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Section: Future Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanism Regulating Floral Architecture in Monocotyledonous Ornamental Plants

Kanno

2016

The Hortic J

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“…In A. thaliana and A. majus, floral homeotic mutants containing ag formed additional whorls interior to the fourth whorl (Bowman et al, 1991;Coen and Meyerowitz, 1991). In addition, repression of C-class genes by CRES-T also caused organ (sepal and petal) increase in transgenic plants in A. thaliana (Mitsuda et al, 2006), P. nil (SageOno et al, 2011), and C. persicum (Tanaka et al, 2013). Therefore, there was no contradiction that cyclamen with petaloid-stamen and with decreased AG-like gene expression showed an increase of floral organs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5). In a previous study, Tanaka et al (2013) produced petaloid-stamen-type double-flowered cyclamen by AGAMOUS chimeric repressor expression (CRES-T). Similarly, petaloidstamen-type double flowers in other ornamental flowers were also produced by AG-like gene silencing (Narumi et al, 2008;Sage-Ono et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In several kinds of double-flowered cyclamen established from spontaneous mutants, the expression mechanism of double flower is unclear, but Tanaka et al (2013) reported that silencing of the C-class AGAMOUS (AG)-like genes by CRES-T resulted in double flowers with petaloid-stamen in cyclamen. Thus, petaloid-stamen-type double-flowered cyclamen cultivars can arise not only from natural mutation, but also through genetic transformation by C-class gene silencing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological Variation and <i>AGAMOUS</i>-like Gene Expression in Double Flowers of <i>Cyclamen persicum</i> Mill.

2015

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Several kinds of double-flowered cultivars have been produced from spontaneous mutants in Cyclamen persicum Mill. The morphology and number of organs in double flowers were investigated, and were categorized into three types: "petaloid-stamen type", "petaloid-sepal type", and "extra petals in whorl 2 type". Morphological observations showed that petaloid mutations of stamen and sepal did not appear together within an individual. In addition, three types of AG-like gene were isolated from single and petaloid-stamentype double-flower buds, and expressions in each whorl were compared. All AG-like genes were expressed in whorl 3 of single flowers, but not in that of petaloid-stamen-type double flowers. In whorl 4, although expressions of the three types of AG-like gene were observed in both single and double flowers, the expression of double flowers was lower than that of single flowers. These results suggest that naturally occurring double flowers of cyclamen can be explained by the ABC-model, and it is suspected that petaloidy of the stamen is caused by the repression of AG-like gene expression in whorl 3.

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“…Cyclamens have two class C AGAMOUS (AG) orthologs -CpAG1 and CpAG2 (Tanaka et al 2011) -and the simultaneous overexpression of CpAG1-SRDX and CpAG2-SRDX produced a multi-petal flower phenotype not previously seen in cyclamen ( Fig. 2; Tanaka et al 2013). The co-overexpression of CpAG1-SRDX and CpAG2-SRDX caused the stamens and carpels of the transgenic cyclamen to develop petal-like organs, and the multi-petal flowers contained a total of more than 40 petals and petal-like organs, as compared with 5 petals in the wild-type cyclamen.…”

Section: Chimeric Repressors Enable the Creation Of Novel Floral Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promotion of Efficient Molecular Breeding Using Chimeric Repressors in Ornamental Flowers

Sasaki

Ohtsubo

2016

JARQ

Self Cite

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Useful novel floral traits have recently been generated in various ornamental crops by using Chimeric REpressor gene Silencing Technology (CRES-T). CRES-T is a plant-specific gene silencing method that targets transcription factors (TFs), causing a dominant loss-of-function phenotype. In our group project, we applied CRES-T to various ornamental crops and mainly elucidated the following points: 1) CRES-T was effective for the modification of floral traits, 2) it was useful in higher polyploidy crops, and 3) it enabled the creation of commercially valuable flowers. In CRES-T, the attachment of a short repression domain derived from a transcriptional repressor to the C-terminal region of target TFs converts transcriptional activators to dominant chimeric repressors. In the target flower species, some Arabidopsis chimeric repressors were effective for the production of new floral traits without cloning the TF genes of interest. Therefore, the use of Arabidopsis chimeric repressors could be widely effective for many ornamental crops, even when the genome and/or expressed sequence tag (EST) information of target crops is unavailable or lacking. In addition, the collective transformation of chimeric repressors into ornamental crops is effective in isolating useful and/or target floral traits, such as petal colors, petal shapes, and color patterns. This technology could help to accelerate the developmental period and reduce the cost of developing new floral traits.

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Multi-petal cyclamen flowers produced by AGAMOUS chimeric repressor expression

Cited by 54 publications

References 21 publications

Molecular Mechanism Regulating Floral Architecture in Monocotyledonous Ornamental Plants

Molecular Mechanism Regulating Floral Architecture in Monocotyledonous Ornamental Plants

Morphological Variation and <i>AGAMOUS</i>-like Gene Expression in Double Flowers of <i>Cyclamen persicum</i> Mill.

Promotion of Efficient Molecular Breeding Using Chimeric Repressors in Ornamental Flowers

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