Multi-residue method for the confirmation of four avermectin residues in food products of animal origin by ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Abstract

A confirmatory method was developed for the rapid determination of abamectin, ivermectin, doramectin and eprinomectin residues in various food products of animal origin, such as pork muscle, pork liver, fish and milk. Samples were homogenized, extracted and de-proteinized by acetonitrile, cleaned via two-step cleaning procedure using Bond Elut C(18) SPE columns and then alumina-N cartridges. All the four avermectin residues in different animal-food products were simultaneously separated and determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) within 3.5 min. Data acquisition under positive ESI-MS/MS was performed by applying multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) for both identification and quantification, and mass spectrometric conditions were optimized to increase selectivity and sensitivity. The matrix-matched calibration curves for different matrices, such as pork muscle, pork liver, fish and milk, were constructed and the interference effect of different sample matrices on the ionization was effectively eliminated. The UPLC-MS/MS method was validated with satisfactory linearity, recovery, precision and stability. Matrix-matched calibration curves of abamectin, ivermectin, doramectin and eprinomectin in four different matrices were linear (r(2)( )≥ 0.990, goodness-of-fit coefficients ≤12.8%) in the range 2.5-200 µg kg(-1). The limits of detection and quantification for the four avermectins were in the range 0.05-0.68 and 0.17-2.27 µg kg(-1), respectively. Recoveries were 62.4-104.5% with good intra- and inter-day precision. The method was rapid, sensitive and reliable, and can be applied to the quantitative analysis of avermectin residues in different animal-food products.

On-line solid-phase extraction coupled liquid chromatography-ESI-ion trap-mass spectrometry for analysis of abamectin and ivermectin residues in milk

“…5 In Taiwan, the MRL set by the Taiwan Food and Drug Administration (TFDA) in milk is 10 ng mL À1 for IVE and it is "not permitted" for ABA. Therefore, considering their non-volatility and sensitivity, liquid chromatography coupled to an FL detector [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] aer analyte derivatization and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) with various mass analyzers 6,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] have been widely used for the determination of ABA and IVE in milk.…”

“…The sample pretreatment procedures of the current determination methods of veterinary drugs in milk include the use of acetonitrile extraction followed by solid-phase extraction (SPE) cleanup, 8,9,11,12,17,20,26 the QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) method, 18,19,21,23 the liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) 6,7,14,15,25 or dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME), 13 and off-line SPE. 20,24 Except for off-line SPE and DLLME, all the other sample pretreatment procedures usually consume solvent.…”

Nepem‐211 ion exchange conductive membrane immobilized tris(2,2´‐bipyridyl) ruthenium(II) electrogenerated chemiluminescence flow sensor for high‐performance liquid chromatography and its application

“…Pork was purchased from the supermarket and sample preparation was based on the UPLC–mass spectrometry (MS)–MS method for determining macrolide antibiotic residues in animal food.…”

Insight into biological system responses in goldfish (Carassius auratus) to multiple doses of avermectin exposure by integrated1H NMR-based metabolomics

“…Therefore, 7 days was selected as the exposure span in the final experiments. The doses of AVM (0.1, 1 and 10 μg L −1 ) used in the experiment were comparable to its concentration in the environment [14][15][16][17][18] to ensure the realistic significance of the laboratory study.…”