Abstract:Present study investigates Ni and Mg removal from electroplating wash-water employing electrocoagulation with aluminum electrodes. The simultaneous effects of various operating parameters were evaluated and optimized using central composite design in terms of Ni, Mg removal, COD removal, energy consumption and operating cost. At these optimum conditions (current density=86.23 A/m2, pH=7.5, operating time=60 min and NaCl dose=0.5 g/l), 97% Ni removal and 90% Mg removal was achieved with energy consumption of 22… Show more
“…Extremely narrow lines indicate a very well-ordered crystalline structure in the structure of tetragonal in shape of aluminum phosphate. The XRD result is supported by [15, 19, 23, 33–36]. Fig.…”
Section: Characterization Of Sludge and Aluminum Plate Electrodes Usimentioning
The main objective of this study is treatment and characterization of phosphorus from synthetic wastewater using aluminum electrodes in the electrocoagulation process. EC experimental setups were designed and different parameters were optimized. The maximum amounts of phosphorus removal efficiencies were observed at pH 7. The phosphorus removal efficiency increases from 85.16 to 97.65% as the temperature increases from 15 to 45 °C, beyond this temperature, there is small effect on removal efficiency. Pollutant removal efficiency increases with an increase in the electrolysis time. At lower initial concentrations the removal efficiencies reached to their maximum values while at the highest initial concentration, the phosphorus removal efficiency was decreased. The increase of current density improves the efficiency of phosphorus removal. Energy and aluminum consumption decreases with increasing initial concentration of phosphorus. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) image analysis demonstrated very fine structures for aluminum hydroxide/oxyhydroxides and aluminum phosphate. The existence of the different elemental composition in the sludge was proved by the help of Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDXS), indicating that the aluminum, oxygen and phosphorus were present in the product. From X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Raman analyses of the sludge product, it is concluded that the chemical speciation of the by-products can be mostly aluminum hydroxide and aluminum phosphate.
“…Extremely narrow lines indicate a very well-ordered crystalline structure in the structure of tetragonal in shape of aluminum phosphate. The XRD result is supported by [15, 19, 23, 33–36]. Fig.…”
Section: Characterization Of Sludge and Aluminum Plate Electrodes Usimentioning
The main objective of this study is treatment and characterization of phosphorus from synthetic wastewater using aluminum electrodes in the electrocoagulation process. EC experimental setups were designed and different parameters were optimized. The maximum amounts of phosphorus removal efficiencies were observed at pH 7. The phosphorus removal efficiency increases from 85.16 to 97.65% as the temperature increases from 15 to 45 °C, beyond this temperature, there is small effect on removal efficiency. Pollutant removal efficiency increases with an increase in the electrolysis time. At lower initial concentrations the removal efficiencies reached to their maximum values while at the highest initial concentration, the phosphorus removal efficiency was decreased. The increase of current density improves the efficiency of phosphorus removal. Energy and aluminum consumption decreases with increasing initial concentration of phosphorus. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) image analysis demonstrated very fine structures for aluminum hydroxide/oxyhydroxides and aluminum phosphate. The existence of the different elemental composition in the sludge was proved by the help of Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDXS), indicating that the aluminum, oxygen and phosphorus were present in the product. From X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Raman analyses of the sludge product, it is concluded that the chemical speciation of the by-products can be mostly aluminum hydroxide and aluminum phosphate.
“…The adequate precision ratio was 79.548 and 91.025 for % inactivation and energy consumption, respectively. A ratio greater than 4 indicates that the model is desirable and can be used to navigate the design space [49].…”
This study aims to explore the potential use of electro-oxidation (EO) as a decentralized wastewater treatment method. The simulated wastewater comprising bacterial consortium was treated by employing mixed metal oxide (MMO). In particular, a lab-scale batch electrooxidation reactor was used at different operating parameters including NaCl dose (n), current density ( j ), and treatment time (t ) in order to optimize the process using response surface methodology. The efficiency of the treatment process was evaluated in terms of % inactivation and energy consumption which were found to be 99.2% and 0.42 kWh/m 3 , respectively. Under optimal conditions, it was found that the proposed technique's overall operating cost was 0.189 $/m 3 taking into consideration the electrical energy consumed and cost of electrodes.
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