Multi-Scale Approach using Remote Sensing Techniques for Lithium Pegmatite Exploration: First Results

Cardoso-Fernandes, Joana; Teodoro, Ana Cláudia; Lima, Alexandre; Mielke, Christian; Körting, Friederike; Roda-Robles, Encarnación; Cauzid, Jean

doi:10.1109/igarss39084.2020.9323705

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This spectral database was established in the ambit of the "Lightweight Integrated Ground and Airborne Hyperspectral Topological Solution" (LIGHTS) project, whose goal is to develop a tool that combines remote sensing data acquired at different scales with geological and geochemical data to rapidly identify target areas for Li exploration [21,22]. However, such a database could be useful for other ongoing research projects, namely: (i) the fiber laser plasma spectroscopy system for real-time element analysis (FLaPsys) project, which aims at developing an advanced spectroscopy system capable of real-time element identification and quantification mainly applied to Li mineralizations [23], and in which laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) will be correlated with the visible and infrared data acquired; (ii) new exploration tools for a European pegmatite greentech resources (GREENPEG) project which aims at improving responsible exploration in Europe for pegmatites through the development of integrated, multi-method exploration toolsets that include satellite image processing and airborne and ground-based geophysics and geochemical approaches [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tools for Remote Exploration: A Lithium (Li) Dedicated Spectral Library of the Fregeneda–Almendra Aplite–Pegmatite Field

Cardoso-Fernandes

Silva

Dias

et al. 2021

Data

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The existence of diagnostic features in the visible and infrared regions makes it possible to use reflectance spectra not only to identify mineral assemblages but also for calibration and classification of satellite images, considering lithological and/or mineral mapping. For this purpose, a consistent spectral library with the target spectra of minerals and rocks is needed. Currently, there is big market pressure for raw materials including lithium (Li) that has driven new satellite image applications for Li exploration. However, there are no reference spectra for petalite (a Li mineral) in large, open spectral datasets. In this work, a spectral library was built exclusively dedicated to Li minerals and Li pegmatite exploration through satellite remote sensing. The database includes field and laboratory spectra collected in the Fregeneda–Almendra region (Spain–Portugal) from (i) distinct Li minerals (spodumene, petalite, lepidolite); (ii) several Li pegmatites and other outcropping lithologies to allow satellite-based lithological mapping; (iii) areas previously misclassified as Li pegmatites using machine learning algorithms to allow comparisons between these regions and the target areas. Ancillary data include (i) sample location and coordinates, (ii) sample conditions, (iii) sample color, (iv) type of face measured, (v) equipment used, and for the laboratory spectra, (vi) sample photographs, (vii) continuum removed spectra files, and (viii) statistics on the main absorption features automatically extracted. The potential future uses of this spectral library are reinforced by its major advantages: (i) data is provided in a universal file format; (ii) it allows users to compare field and laboratory spectra; (iii) a large number of complementary data allow the comparison of shape, asymmetry, and depth of the absorption features of the distinct Li minerals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tools for Remote Exploration: A Lithium (Li) Dedicated Spectral Library of the Fregeneda–Almendra Aplite–Pegmatite Field

Cardoso-Fernandes

Silva

Dias

et al. 2021

Data

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“…Lithology and iron ore mapping in an unspecified open pit mine in the Pilbara region in the VNIR spectral range was tested [149,152] as well as mapping mine faces in iron ore and gold mining using ground-based HSI [153]. Outcrops in a Lithiumpegmatite mine in Northern Portugal were scanned using ground-based and drone-based SWIR [154] and underground HSI outcrop mapping has been performed in several instances, e.g., to map clay materials to assess sealing properties in the Swiss Mont Terri rock laboratory [135] and in a Liunderground mine in Zinnwald/Cìnovec [155]. The first drone-based, fully corrected, oblique, hyperspectral SWIR survey of an outcrop was published for limestone lithology [84].…”

Section: Operational Mining and Extraction Sectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging Spectroscopy for the Mining Life Cycle: A Guide for Drone Applications

Koerting,

Asadzadeh,

Hildebrand

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Hyperspectral imaging data holds great potential for the different stages of the mining life cycle in active and post-mining environments. However, the technology has yet to reach the stage of large-scale industrial implementation and acceptance. While hyperspectral satellite imagery can achieve high spectral resolution, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and global availability with break-through satellite systems like EnMAP, EMIT and PRISMA, limited spatial resolution poses chal-lenges for sectors like mining, which require decimetre to centimetre scale resolution for applica-tions such as reconciliation, ore/waste estimates, geotechnical assessments and environmental monitoring. Hyperspectral imaging from drones (referred to herein as Uncrewed Aerial Systems; UASs) offers high spatial resolution data relevant to the camp/ mine scale, with the capability for frequent, user-defined re-visit times. This has been made possible by the miniaturization of hy-perspectral imaging systems. Collection of data in the visible to near and shortwave infrared (VNIR-SWIR) wavelength regions enables the detection of different minerals and surface altera-tion patterns potentially revealing crucial information for exploration, extraction, re-mining, waste remediation, and rehabilitation. In this paper, we provide a review of relevant studies de-ploying hyperspectral imaging in or applicable to the mining sector, especially for the use of hy-perspectral VNIR-SWIR Uncrewed Aerial Systems. Where required, we draw on previous in-sights derived from satellite or ground-based systems. We also discuss UAS survey planning, and sampling considerations for validation and interpretation.

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“…A continuous 3D map was developed to detect lithium-containing minerals and variations in pegmatite rock composition [27], showing the ability to accurately process and scan the lithium-bearing materials. This demonstration will illustrate the application of hyperspectral photography in the analysis and enhancement of diverse product manufacturing processes [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Recent Developments in the Extraction of Lithium from Water Resources

Abdullayev,

Askarova,

Toshkodirova

et al. 2024

ajc

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An increasing number of electric vehicles, hybrids, and synergistic types are adding electronic components, driving up demand for lithium and its derivatives. These chemicals comprise 80% of the worldwide market and come in forms such as carbonate, lithium hydroxide and mineral concentrates. The use of lithium is predicted to surge by 60% in the coming years due to the proliferation of electric vehicles. This demands efficient and rapid deposit detection methods as well as economical and high-resolution exploration equipment. The quantity and geographical distribution of fossil and ore mineral deposits can be easily mapped using hyperspectral photography. Since salt lakes, oceans, and geothermal water hold the majority of the world’s lithium reserves ranging from 70% to 80%, these areas are ideal for the lithium extraction process. In this regard, there is an increase in research targeted at industrial lithium production from water resources. Recycling lithium-ion batteries is an alternative method that can be utilized to increase the production of lithium. Geothermal waters have lower lithium contents than brines and some of the processes are not suitable. Evaporation methods, solvent extraction, membrane technology, nanofiltration and adsorption can all be used to extract lithium from liquid media. Thus, lithium extraction from aqueous solutions was the focus of this review article, which aimed to provide straightforward technical solutions, low costs, decreased environmental impact and excellent selectivity for the lithium industry.

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Multi-Scale Approach using Remote Sensing Techniques for Lithium Pegmatite Exploration: First Results

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Tools for Remote Exploration: A Lithium (Li) Dedicated Spectral Library of the Fregeneda–Almendra Aplite–Pegmatite Field

Tools for Remote Exploration: A Lithium (Li) Dedicated Spectral Library of the Fregeneda–Almendra Aplite–Pegmatite Field

Imaging Spectroscopy for the Mining Life Cycle: A Guide for Drone Applications

Recent Developments in the Extraction of Lithium from Water Resources

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