In the field of terrain analysis, a primary goal is to effectively identify topographic features for a better understanding of their associated processes. The relationships among features are, therefore, of particular importance. The concept of the surface network, involving and defined by such features as peaks, pits, various saddles, ridge lines, and the opposite course lines, can be a beneficial construct for describing and modeling any mathematical surface and, perhaps, topographic surfaces, as well. However, limitations of terrain data collection, storage, and computational processing have presented difficulties when attempting to make the jump from such logical constructs and their supporting mathematical theories to the development of tools and mapped products representing the measured topography of a landscape. Compared to feature extraction, less attention has been given to the topological relationships among topographic features. This article provides a chronological review of the development of surface network and critical point theory, the study of topography, and the progression of terrain analysis with particular consideration given to the application of surface network theory to represent the topology of topography. Any possible true computed surface network is concluded to be scaledependent, fuzzy, and vague and its undisputed calculation elusive.