Multi-scale interlaminar fracture mechanisms in woven composite laminates reinforced with aligned carbon nanotubes

Wicks, Sunny S.; Wang, Wennie; Williams, Marcel R.; Wardle, Brian L.

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2014.06.003

Cited by 105 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As a result, various types of nanoparticles, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), have been included in epoxies in an attempt to enhance their toughness [3][4][5]. Indeed, CNTs have been widely used to enhance the fracture response of FRP under modes I and II fracture [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of graphene nanoplatelets on modes I, II and III interlaminar fracture toughness of fiber-reinforced polymer composites

Ahmadi-Moghadam

Taheri‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬

2015

Engineering Fracture Mechanics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of graphene nanoplatelets on modes I, II and III interlaminar fracture toughness of fiber-reinforced polymer composites

Ahmadi-Moghadam

Taheri‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬

2015

Engineering Fracture Mechanics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…These suggest that the marine epoxy has extra energy absorption capability beyond the aerospace epoxy that could account for the toughness enhancement see in CNT-reinforced laminates. 6 Further work must be done to properly calculate the propagation toughness. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This parellels the results of prior laminate level work that showed CNTs increase the steady state fracture toughness significantly more in laminates made with marine epoxy than aerospace epoxy. 6 Further work on the A-PNC fracture tests will quantify the energy absorbed during crack arrest after initiation, and future testing directions include determining the influence of varying A-CNT volume fraction on the manufacturing homogeneity of A-PNCs with both epoxy types and the corresponding influence on toughness and crack arrest.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As realized in Fuzzy Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FFRP) where aligned CNTs are grown radially on advanced fibers, the demonstrated improvements in Mode I toughness are shown to dependent on the type of epoxy and the CNT length through a combination of driving fracture towards or away from fiber surfaces and increasing fracture surface area. 5,6 The work here aims to decouple the multiscale effects in interlaminar toughening by determining the toughness of the matrix region (in the absence of micron-scale fibers) using aligned-CNT polymer nanocomposites (A-PNCs). A planned extension of this work is to consider a range of volume fractions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Fracture Toughness of Aligned Carbon Nanotube Polymer Nanocomposites

Wicks

Vazquez

Wardle

2015

56th AIAA/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are being investigated for application to numerous material disciplines including structural composite materials due to their unique scaledependent physical properties. Prior work on nanoengineered composite architectures demonstrated improved interlaminar fracture toughness was dependent on epoxy type. In this work, we seek to understand the reinforcement mechanisms of aligned CNTs in a polymer matrix in the absence of fibers, of aligned polymer nanocomposites in different epoxy types. Preliminary investigations were performed using single edge notch beam specimens to isolate the fracture toughness of small CNT nanocomposites, and the mechanisms of reinforcement can be elucidated through tight control over CNT alignment and loading epoxy. While crack initiation off a sharpened precrack are unchanged with added aligned CNTs, an increase in fracture surface area and added crack arrest capability reveal mechanisms by which CNTs can add absorb energy and increase toughness post crack initiation. NomenclatureA-PNC = aligned CNT polymer nanocomposite CNT = carbon nanotube CVD = chemical vapor deposition DCB = double cantilever beam K Ic = Mode I critical stress intensity FFRP = fuzzy fiber reinforced plastic FRP = fiber reinforced plastic PNC = polymer nanocomposite RVE = representative volume element SEM = scanning electron microscope SENB = single edge notch beam V f = volume fraction I. Introduction arbon nanotubes (CNTs) are being investigated for application to numerous material disciplines including structural composite materials due to their unique scale-dependent and intrinsic physical properties. 1 With high specific strength and stiffness and nanoscale dimensions, 2 aligned CNTs are an attractive candidate for incorporation into laminated composites, including interlaminar reinforcement. Mechanical properties that are limited by the matrix-dominated interlaminar region in traditional composites are typically reinforced through changing the fiber architecture as in stitching/weaving or modifying the matrix properties through tougheners and additives. 3 Nanoengineered architectures integrate both approaches, reinforcing the interlaminar regions with nanoscale fibers that provide toughening through nanoscale fiber pull-out 4 and modifying matrix properties. As realized in Fuzzy Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FFRP) where aligned CNTs are grown radially on advanced fibers, the demonstrated improvements in Mode I toughness are shown to dependent on the type of epoxy and the CNT length through a combination of driving fracture towards or away from fiber surfaces and increasing fracture surface area. 5,6 The work here aims to decouple the multiscale effects in interlaminar toughening by determining the toughness of the

show abstract

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] The unique piezoresistive and superior electrical properties in general permits the use of CNT nanocomposites as tunable strain sensors. 8 Furthermore, it has been shown that these nanocomposites can be embedded within a structural system and can be effectively used as an embedded strain sensor for in-situ real time strain and damage sensing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of piezo-resistivity in CNT nano-composites under damage

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The piezoresistivity of carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced nanocomposites is modeled using a multiscale damage modeling technique. Two phenomena of piezoresistivity are studied, the inherent piezoresistivity of the CNTs and the electrical tunneling effect. The damage model is developed under the framework of continuum damage mechanics (CDM) with a physical damage evolution equation inspired by Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations. This damage model is applied to a nanocomposite unit cells with randomly dispersed CNTs. Orders of magnitude change in piezoresistivity is observed as the nanocomposite changes from non-damaged state to damaged state. This study provides insights into the prevailing mechanisms associated with piezoresistivity in the damaged and undamaged state of the CNT reinforced nanocomposites at the sub micro scale.

show abstract

Multi-scale interlaminar fracture mechanisms in woven composite laminates reinforced with aligned carbon nanotubes

Cited by 105 publications

References 50 publications

Influence of graphene nanoplatelets on modes I, II and III interlaminar fracture toughness of fiber-reinforced polymer composites

Influence of graphene nanoplatelets on modes I, II and III interlaminar fracture toughness of fiber-reinforced polymer composites

Fracture Toughness of Aligned Carbon Nanotube Polymer Nanocomposites

Investigation of piezo-resistivity in CNT nano-composites under damage

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About