Multi-scale ionosphere responses to the May 2017 magnetic storm over the Asian sector

Liu, Lei; Zou, Shasha; Yao, Yibin; Aa, Ercha

doi:10.1007/s10291-019-0940-1

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…GNSS TEC data are produced and provided through the Madrigal distributed data system developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Haystack Observatory by using dense networks of worldwide GNSS receivers (Rideout & Coster, 2006; Vierinen et al, 2016). For this study, part of the GNSS available measurements were also accessed from the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) (e.g., Aa, Huang, Liu, et al, 2015; Aa, Huang, Yu, et al, 2015; Liu et al, 2020). The gridded TEC maps were constructed by binning all GNSS‐derived TEC values into 1° (latitude) × 1° (longitude) cells at 5‐min interval.…”

Section: Data Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordinated Ground‐Based and Space‐Borne Observations of Ionospheric Response to the Annular Solar Eclipse on 26 December 2019

Zhang

Erickson

et al. 2020

JGR Space Physics

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This paper studies the ionosphere's response to the annular solar eclipse on 26 December 2019, utilizing the following ground-based and space-borne measurements: Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) total electron content (TEC) data, spectral radiance data from the Sentinel-5P satellite, in situ electron density and/or temperature measurements from DMSP and Swarm satellites, and local magnetometer data. Analysis concentrated on ionospheric effects over low-latitude regions with respect to obscuration, local time, latitude, and altitude. The main results are as follows: (1) a local TEC reduction of ∼4-6 TECU (30-50%) was identified along the annular eclipse path, with larger depletion and longer recovery periods in the morning eclipse compared to midday. (2) The equatorial electrojet current was significantly weakened when the eclipse trajectory crossed the magnetic equator in the morning (India) sector, which contributed to large and prolonged TEC depletion therein. (3) At midday, equatorial ionization anomaly exhibited enhancements of 20-40% as well as poleward shifting of 3-4 • , likely triggered by modified neutral wind and electrodynamics patterns. (4) The behavior of equatorial ionospheric electron density showed considerable altitudinal differences in the topside, exhibiting ∼30% reduction around 500 km and ∼30% enhancement with 300-500 K Te reduction around 850 km, before the arrival of maximum eclipse. This may have been caused by the enhanced eastward electric field and equatorward neutral wind, and other possible factors are also discussed.

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Section: Data Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordinated Ground‐Based and Space‐Borne Observations of Ionospheric Response to the Annular Solar Eclipse on 26 December 2019

Zhang

Erickson

et al. 2020

JGR Space Physics

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“…Recently, our understanding of storm‐time midlatitude ion‐neutral coupling and electrodynamic processes has greatly advanced through community‐wide investigation on I‐T responses to a few intense geomagnetic storms, especially in the maximum and declining phase of the Solar Cycle 24. These events include but not limited to the St. Patrick's Day storms during March 17–18, 2013 and 2015 (e.g., Astafyeva et al., 2015; Huang et al., 2016; Huba et al., 2017; Nava et al., 2016; Yue et al., 2016; Zakharenkova et al., 2016; Zhong et al., 2016; Zhang, Erickson, et al., 2017; Zhang, Zhang, et al., 2017), June 22–23, 2015 storm (e.g., Astafyeva et al., 2017; Singh & Sripathi, 2017), Memorial Day storm on May 27–28, 2017 (e.g., Jonah et al., 2018; Liu et al., 2019), September 07–08, 2017 storm (e.g., Aa et al., 2019; Jimoh et al., 2019; Lei et al., 2018; Zhang et al., 2019), as well as the August 25–26, 2018 storm (Astafyeva et al., 2020). Although significant progress has been made through prior studies on these intense storms, the spatial/temporal evolution of the I‐T system in each storm can be quite different and often lacks a unified explanation of the various responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salient Midlatitude Ionosphere‐Thermosphere Disturbances Associated With SAPS During a Minor but Geo‐Effective Storm at Deep Solar Minimum

Zhang

Erickson

et al. 2021

JGR Space Physics

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During a geomagnetic storm, intense injection of solar wind-magnetospheric energy and momentum into the coupled ionosphere-thermosphere (I-T) system occurs through enhanced electric fields, currents, and particle precipitation. These enhanced inputs are known to cause significant perturbations in the coupled I-T system (Buonsanto, 1999). In particular, dramatic and complicated local/global changes may occur in the I-T system in response to various chemical, dynamic, and electrodynamics driving processes, such as Joule heating, ion-drag forcing, and penetration electric field (Mendillo, 2006;Richmond & Lu, 2000). Moreover, besides the traditional concentration in storm effects within auroral/polar and equatorial regions, the midlatitude and subauroral ionosphere also experiences substantial dynamic structuring and increase in variability. These midlatitude I-T effects have been the subject of many recent community studies especially in the past decade as the observed response can exhibit far more storm-time dynamics than would be otherwise anticipated (e.g., Ferdousi et al., 2019;Raeder et al., 2016;Zhang et al., 2015). Furthermore, steep electron density gradients therein can pose detrimental effects on modern navigation and communication systems (e.g., Coster & Foster, 2007;Doherty et al., 2004). For these reasons, characterizing the storm-time midlatitude ionosphere and thermosphere perturbations and understanding the intrinsic mechanisms in triggering those perturbations are of considerable importance in frontier space weather research.Generally, midlatitude ionosphere-thermosphere responses to a geomagnetic storm are primarily determined by various ion-neutral coupling mechanisms and relevant electrodynamic processes. These include (a) Momentum transfer via ion drag: Strong ion convection in the storm-time auroral/subauroral region can

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As the total electron content (TEC) is an important ionospheric parameter used for characterizing the dynamic process in ionosphere (Chen et al, 2017;Liu et al, 2020), the global TEC map is a very effective tool to monitor ionospheric behavior. It is helpful to study the global ionospheric response to space weather (e.g., geomagnetic storm (Essex et al, 1981;Taylor & Earnshaw, 1969)).

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confidence: 99%

Prediction of Global Ionospheric TEC Based on Deep Learning

Zhou

Liao

et al. 2022

Space Weather

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The accurate prediction of ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC) is important for global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), satellite communications and other space communications applications. In this study, a prediction model of global IGS‐TEC maps are established based on testing several different long short‐term memory (LSTM) network (LSTM)‐based algorithms to explore a direction that can effectively alleviate the increasing error with prediction time. We find that a Multi‐step auxiliary algorithm based prediction model performs best. It can effectively predict the global ionospheric IGS‐TEC in the next 6 days (the mean absolute deviation (MAD) and root mean square error (RMSE) are 2.485 and 3.511 TECU, respectively) compared to the IRI (the MAD and RMSE are 4.248 and 5.593 TECU). The analyses of four geomagnetic storm events are completely separate from the time range of the training set, so as to further validate the performance of the model. The International Reference Ionosphere model is used as a reference for the performance of our predictive model, and a rotated persistence is estimated by time‐shift algorithm of IGS‐TEC. The result suggests that the Multi‐step auxiliary prediction model has a good generalization performance and can have a relatively good stability and low error during a geomagnetic storm and quiet time.

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Multi-scale ionosphere responses to the May 2017 magnetic storm over the Asian sector

Cited by 23 publications

References 42 publications

Coordinated Ground‐Based and Space‐Borne Observations of Ionospheric Response to the Annular Solar Eclipse on 26 December 2019

Coordinated Ground‐Based and Space‐Borne Observations of Ionospheric Response to the Annular Solar Eclipse on 26 December 2019

Salient Midlatitude Ionosphere‐Thermosphere Disturbances Associated With SAPS During a Minor but Geo‐Effective Storm at Deep Solar Minimum

Prediction of Global Ionospheric TEC Based on Deep Learning

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