Multi‐scale modeling of three‐dimensional angle interlock woven composite subjected to ballistic impact using FEM

Abstract

The multi‐scale modeling and Finite element (FE) analysis of three‐dimensional angle interlock woven composites (3DAIWC) subjected to ballistic impact by conical‐cylindrical projectile have been studied in the present research. A multi‐scale modeling technique has been adopted in the Finite Element Analysis (FEA), which incorporates micro‐meso‐macro‐transition approach called macro‐homogeneous meso‐heterogeneous modeling technique. This macro‐meso‐micro‐transition approach has been implemented in the present research to develop the complex weave architecture of the target plate. A voxel‐based nonconformal mesh has been utilized to understand the behavior of the representative volume element (RVE) of the woven composite target plate. The model is validated by two dimensional weave architecture, which is analyzed for varying nose shapes (30° conical ‐ 180° flat). The macro‐homogeneous results provide the velocity variation and energy absorption of the projectile with respect to the time history.

Finite element analysis of hybrid 3D orthogonal woven composite subjected to ballistic impact with multi‐scale modeling

“…A user‐defined material called VUMAT for explicit dynamic analysis is integrated to express the damage behavior of the constitutive yarns and matrix. This subroutine represents the elastic relationship between stress and strains combining the damage initiation, fiber, and matrix cracking and referring to Figure 1B, the constitutive relations are seen from Luan and Gu 18 and Dewangan and Panigrahi 21,25,35,60,61 are implemented in the Fortran code, which in turn are incorporated in the simulation using a VUMAT. All laws are applied on the constitutive sub‐cell level, so every data stored will be modeling at each increment and subsequently progressed for the consecutive time step.…”

“…Ballistic protection offered by 3D fabrics and their composites like 3D angle interlock, 17‐21 3D orthogonal, 22‐25 3D braided, 26‐28 3D fabrics fully/partially interlaced 26 as well as 3D multi‐axial knitted composites, 29,30 is far superior as compared to the 2D structures. Chen and Yang 17 proposed and concluded that 3D Angle Interlock Woven fabrics have better resistance than the 2D plain woven fabrics.…”

“…Tang et al 20 investigated the failure modes of 3DAIWC undergoing transverse impact load with FEA and experimentations. Dewangan and Panigrahi 21 studied the ballistic performance of 3DAIWC with 7.62 AP conical‐cylindrical projectile and concluded that the warp and weft yarns would absorb the majority of the kinetic energy of the projectile, and the resin is used efficiently to transfer the shearing load to the nearby secondary yarns. Shi et al 22 utilized the analytical model to understand the energy absorption behavior of 3D orthogonal woven fabric when subjected to ballistic impact by hemispherical‐cylindrical projectiles.…”

“…Further, this paper is an up‐gradation of the previous works done by the authors for 2D plain weave, 35,60 3D Angle Interlock woven composite, 21 and 3DOWC 25,61 . A series of simulations were conducted for 2D plain weave Kevlar/Epoxy composite with different velocities for two different materials, which is subjected to impact by a conical‐cylindrical projectile of 7.62 mm core.…”

Factors influencing the ballistic impact mechanisms of textile composite materials: a review

“…Further analysis is required to understand the ballistic behavior for 3D angle interlock woven composites, especially with the epoxy matrix, as we observed very few works of literature are available for the 3D woven composites. Similarly, Dewangan and Panigrahi 136‐138 investigated the ballistic impact of 3D Angle Interlock woven composites and observed that the warp and weft yarns absorb the major portion of energy during the ballistic impact.…”