Multi-slot double constraints adaptive energy detection for spectrum sensing in Cognitive radio networks

Abstract

In this paper, we propose a new scheme of an adaptive energy detection, multi-slot double constraints adaptive energy detection (MDCAED), with an objective to improve the detection performance of our previous work, double constraints adaptive energy detection (DCAED). MDCAED exploits multiple mini-slot technique, which achieves the diversity reception concept, to increase the ability to distinguish noise from the PU since the effect of diversity reception increases the received SNR. MDCAED performs spectrum sensing by spitting a sensing slot into a multiple mini-slot. Each mini-slot is performed spectrum sensing using DCAED and the final decision is made by using Kof-N rule. The decision threshold is adapted on the SNR of each mini-slot using DCAED. Therefore, by exploiting the multiple mini-slot concept together with DCAED, is reduced while is improved. Although, the detection performance is improved, the average sensing time of MDCAED slightly increases compared to DCAED since the system threshold needs to adapt more than once. Nevertheless, the average sensing time of MDCAED still achieves the spectrum sensing requirement.

A Comprehensive Survey on Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks: Recent Advances, New Challenges, and Future Research Directions

“…The state ℋ0 corresponds primary user absence and state ℋ1 corresponds primary user presence. For the sensing decision, several of the previously mentioned spectrum sensing techniques can be used, including energy detection [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20], cyclostationary detection [21,22,23,24,25,26,27], matched filter detection [28,29,30,31], covariance-based detection [32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39], and machine-learning based detection [40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51] which are discussed below. These techniques are often evaluated using the probabilities of false alarm and probability of detection.…”

“…Energy detection [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20] computes the energy of the samples and compares it to a threshold. If the energy is higher than this threshold, the primary user signal is considered present; otherwise, the primary user is considered absent.…”

“…Next generation communication systems are expected to operate at very low SNR values where compressive sensing techniques are usually inaccurate. Very little research has investigated wideband spectrum sensing efficiency at very low SNR although this is a promising area of research that ought to be considered as a possible future direction [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,131,132,133].…”

Micro-slotted Dual-stage Spectrum Sensing for Cognitive radio networks

“…Moreover, multi-slotted spectrum sensing techniques − multi-slot energy detection [31] and multislot double constraints adaptive energy detection (MDCAED) [32] − are also proposed to improve the performance of conventional energy detection. Multislot energy detection and MDCAED split a sensing frame into a multiple slots and performs spectrum sensing separately and the status of PU is determined cooperatively using decision fusion rule [33][34][35][36].…”

“…Multi-slot double constraints adaptive energy detectionA multi-slot double constraints adaptive energy detection (MDCAED)[32] was proposed to improve the detection performance of DCAED by exploiting a multi-slot concept. MDCAED separates a sensing slot into several mini-slot.…”