Multi-Source Coupling Based Analysis of the Acoustic Radiation Characteristics of the Wheel–Rail Region of High-Speed Railways

Abstract

Based on elastic mechanics, the fluid–structure coupling theory and the finite element method, a high-speed railway wheel-rail rolling-aerodynamic noise model is established to realize the combined simulation and prediction of the vibrations, rolling noise and aerodynamic noise in wheel-rail systems. The field test data of the Beijing–Shenyang line are considered to verify the model reliability. In addition, the directivity of each sound source at different frequencies is analyzed. Based on this analysis, noise reduction measures are proposed. At a low frequency of 300 Hz, the wheel-rail area mainly contributes to the aerodynamic noise, and as the frequency increases, the wheel-rail rolling noise becomes dominant. When the frequency is less than 1000 Hz, the radiated noise fluctuates around the cylindrical surface, and the directivity of the sound is ambiguous. When the frequency is in the middle- and high-frequency bands, exceeding 1000 Hz, both the rolling and total noise exhibit a notable directivity in the directions of 20–30° and 70–90°, and thus, noise reduction measures can be implemented in these directions.

Vibration and Noise Analysis and Experimental Study of Rail Conveyor

“…He [ 23 ] conducted parametric research on key design parameters such as rubber material parameters, number of rubber blocks, and gap rubber ratio by establishing a wheel-rail noise prediction model. Hou [ 24 ] realized the joint simulation and prediction of wheel-rail system vibration, rolling noise, and aerodynamic noise by establishing a high-speed railway wheel-rail rolling noise model. Torstensson [ 25 ] used a combination of time-domain simulation of nonlinear vertical dynamic vehicle-track interaction and a hybrid prediction model using linear frequency domain to calculate and predict sound pressure levels for railway crossing wheel-rail impact loads and noise.…”

Entropy and Information Theory in Acoustics

“…Based on the theory of fluid–solid coupling, combined with the aeroacoustics computational fluid dynamics method and the frequency domain acoustic wave equation, and using the track–wheel interaction noise software noise simulation prediction model, the rolling aerodynamic noise model of wheel–rail of a high-speed railway is established, and the vibration and noise characteristics of the wheel-rail area of a high-speed railway are analyzed, and the joint simulation and prediction of vibration, rolling noise, and aerodynamic noise of a wheel–rail system are realized. The field test data of the Beijing–Shenyang line is considered to verify the reliability of the model [ 5 ]. By analyzing the characteristics of each sound source at different frequencies, corresponding noise reduction measures are proposed.…”