Multi‐Spacecraft Measurement of Anisotropic Spatial Correlation Functions at Kinetic Range in the Magnetosheath Turbulence

Abstract

Research of turbulence embedded in magnetized space plasma has been carried out for more than 4 decades, and its characteristics are gradually revealed. Turbulence plays an essential role in the fundamental physical processes, such as energy dissipation, energy transport, and particle heating/acceleration in the plasma (e.g.

Higher-order Turbulence Statistics in the Sub-Alfvénic Solar Wind Observed by Parker Solar Probe

“…Linear scaling exponents ζ(q) within a certain range of scales will result in a constant k( ) l , indicating that those scales are not intermittent but simply selfsimilar. The intermittent magnetic field at the inertial range of solar wind would be expected to have an increase of k( ) l with the decreasing of scales, which is indicative of intermittency and a departure from self-similarity (e.g., Kiyani et al 2009;Chasapis et al 2017;Chhiber et al 2018;He et al 2019;Chhiber et al 2021;Huang et al 2021b;Cuesta et al 2022). In addition, faster growth of k( ) l implies greater intermittency (e.g., Bruno et al 2003).…”

“…Multifractal analysis is another higher-order method to reveal the intermittent nature of various characteristics of turbulence (e.g., Burlaga 1991;Wawrzaszek & Macek 2010;Huang et al 2012Huang et al , 2021b. In particular, the degree of multifractality measures the level of heterogeneity in the local scaling indices, thus informing about the departure from a strict self-similarity (e.g., Wawrzaszek et al 2015).…”

“…Limited by the distance between the spacecraft and the Sun, in situ observations of solar wind turbulence have always been performed outside the Alfvén critical points. Though many aspects of plasma turbulence have been well studied in the past decades (e.g., Tu & Marsch 1995;Sahraoui et al 2009Sahraoui et al , 2010Huang et al 2012;Sahraoui et al 2012;Bruno & Carbone 2013;Huang et al 2014Huang et al , 2017Huang & Sahraoui 2019;Huang et al 2020aHuang et al , 2020bSahraoui et al 2020;Huang et al 2021aHuang et al , 2021bHuang et al , 2022aHuang et al , 2022bZhang et al 2022), some significant subjects mentioned before still require longterm in situ observations of sub-Alfvénic solar wind. These observations are not possible until the launch of the Parker Solar Probe (PSP).…”

Topology of Magnetic and Velocity Fields at Kinetic Scales in Incompressible Plasma Turbulence

“…In the framework of space plasmas, both the solar wind and the planetary magnetosheath plasmas provide natural laboratories for studying plasma turbulence. Based on in situ observations from various orbiting spacecraft, several aspects of plasma turbulence have been well investigated in the past decades such as the spectral features (e.g., Alexandrova et al., 2009, 2021; Andrés et al., 2020, 2021; Chen et al., 2020; Huang et al., 2014, 2017, 2021), intermittency (e.g., Andrés et al., 2022; Bruno, 2019; Greco et al., 2008, 2009; He et al., 2019; Huang, Zhang, et al., 2022; Osman et al., 2010, 2012), and anisotropy (e.g., Chen et al., 2012; Duan et al., 2021; Horbury et al., 2008; Huang, Xu, et al., 2022; Sahraoui et al., 2004, 2010; Verdini et al., 2018; Wang et al., 2015, 2019; Wicks et al., 2011; Wu et al., 2019; Zhang et al., 2022). Some of those studies required using the multi‐spacecraft missions Cluster and Magnetospheric MultiScale (MMS) to estimate three‐dimensional structures and spatial anisotropies of the magnetic and velocity fields.…”

Scale‐Dependent Kurtosis of Magnetic Field Fluctuations in the Solar Wind: A Multi‐Scale Study With Cluster 2003–2015

“…These waves could mix up phases of turbulent fluctuations and thus reduce kurtosis at sub‐ion scales. On the other hand, in the planetary magnetosheaths, the increase of kurtosis of magnetic field fluctuations even at sub‐ion scales is observed, suggesting intermittency (e.g., Alberti et al., 2021; Bowen et al., 2020; Chhiber et al., 2018; Huang, Schmitt, et al., 2021; Huang, Xiong, et al., 2021; Tao et al., 2015; von Papen et al., 2014).…”