Multi-standard, multi-band planar multiple input multiple output antenna with diversity effects for wireless applications

Malviya, Leeladhar; Kartikeyan, M. V.; Panigrahi, Rajib Kumar

doi:10.1002/mmce.21551

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The performance of the MIMO system can be characterized by parameters such as envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), mean effective gain (MEG), total active reflection coefficient (TARC), diversity gain (DG), and channel capacity loss (CCL) 148,149 . The scattering parameters

S_{12}

S_{21}

between the ports are not sufficient to include the effect of all S‐parameters.…”

Section: Thz Mimo Antennasmentioning

confidence: 99%

THz antennas design, developments, challenges, and applications: A review

Pant¹,

Malviya²

2023

Int J Communication

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Terahertz (0.1-10 THz) wireless communication will be the future technology to reach a top-notch data rate. THz is one of the most promising candidates for 6G systems because it provides enormous bandwidth, up to 100 GHz, and a massive data rate of up to 1 Tbps. THz antennas, antenna arrays, and MIMO antenna arrays in 6G are hot research topics for implementing 6G wireless communication systems. The 6G aims to continue to enhance the features of the 5G as it is capable of achieving the maximum high-speed data rate, excellent reliable communication, massive connectivity, and very low latency connectivity. The 6G requirements need high-gain antenna arrays and MIMO antenna arrays to combat the effect of atmospheric losses in high frequencies. An in-depth discussion of the planar THz antennas that have been extensively used in THz applications like imaging, sensing, and Internet-of-Things (IoT) has been conducted. The study of the THz antennas, antenna arrays, and MIMO antennas on different conducting materials such as copper and graphene, which are designed on different dielectric substrates such as polyimide, quartz, liquid crystalline polymer, and polytetrafluoroethylene, has been carried out in detail. Metamaterial, photoconductive, plasmonic antennas, and THz beamforming are significant parts of THz communications. This paper also provides antennas and antenna arrays based on them.

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S_{12}

S_{21}

between the ports are not sufficient to include the effect of all S‐parameters.…”

Section: Thz Mimo Antennasmentioning

confidence: 99%

THz antennas design, developments, challenges, and applications: A review

Pant¹,

Malviya²

2023

Int J Communication

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“…The close proximity of radiating elements results in mutual coupling or correlation, which reduces the isolation and achievable performance [53]. The performance of the MIMO system can be characterized by the parameters such as efficiency, radiation patterns, operating bandwidths, envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), mean effective gain (MEG), total active reflection coefficient (TARC), diversity gain (DG), and channel capacity [54]. The scattering parameters or between the ports are not sufficient to include the effect of all -parameters, therefore correlation coefficient is necessary to be calculated in MIMO antennas.…”

Section: G Antenna Designs In Sub-6 Ghz (2–8 Ghz)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, developments, and applications of 5G antennas: a review

Pant

Malviya

2022

Int. J. Microw. Wireless Technol.

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As the demand for high data rates is increasing day by day, fifth-generation (5G) becomes the leading-edge technology in wireless communications. The main objectives of the 5G communication system are to enhance the data rates (up to 20 Gbps) and capacity, ultra-low latency (1 ms), high reliability, great flexibility, and enhance device to device communication. The mentioned objectives lead to the hunting of the millimeter-wave frequency range which lies from 30 to 300 GHz for 5G wireless communications. To design such high capacity, low latency, and flexible systems, antenna design is one of the crucial parts. In this paper, a survey is presented on various antenna designs with their fabrication on different types of substrates such as Rogers RT/duroid 5880, Rogers RO4003C, Taconic TLY-5, etc., at different 5G frequency bands. The different configurations of antennas that covered antenna arrays, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antennas, phased antennas, and beamforming antennas are discussed in detail with their applications. The design of MIMO antennas in the 5G frequency band occupied less space so mutual coupling reduction techniques are required for maintaining the required gain, efficiency, and isolation. This paper is also focused on the mutual coupling reduction techniques and diversity in MIMO antennas.

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“…MIMO antenna with compact size radiators along with the partially extended ground structure and partial ground was designed on FR-4 substrate ( ɛ r = 4.4, thickness = 1.524 mm, loss tangent = 0.025) to provide more than 12.5 dB of isolation at the ports [107]. In order to overcome mutual coupling, a 2 × 2 MIMO antenna with circular polarization and ground split was fabricated on FR-4 substrate ( ɛ r = 4.4, thickness = 1.524 mm, and loss tangent = 0.025).…”

Section: Massive Mimo and Mutual Couplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

5G beamforming techniques for the coverage of intended directions in modern wireless communication: in-depth review

Rao¹,

Pant²,

Malviya³

et al. 2020

Int. J. Microw. Wireless Technol.

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The growing need of the compact and portable antennas with high speed and low latency wireless communication is the present and future demand of the voice over Internet protocol, on-demand bandwidth, and multimedia applications. Fifth-generation (5G) covers certain low-frequency bands under 6 GHz spectrum, and most of the high-frequency bands under 60 GHz. 5G is the part of the millimeter wave spectrum (30–300 GHz) and is introduced to overcome the problem of spectrum shortage due to exponential enhancement of wireless applications in industry, medical, airborne, radar, satellite, and research fields. The International Telecommunication Union's objective of wireless communications promises to provide higher data rates up to 10 Gbps for 5G mobile users and connectivity to the artificial intelligence devices, along with high spectral efficiencies and enhanced coverage. The users for the 5G require around 5 and 50 Gbps of data rates for low and high mobility, respectively. Beamforming in 5G is the modern powerful technique for the coverage of the intended user/direction using the narrow beam width radiation patterns. A brief survey on 5G beamforming techniques, i.e. analog, digital, hybrid, switched, and adaptive etc. and its types, working algorithms, design of compact antennas, gain, and size/type of the substrates is carried out in this paper. The study of the hybrid coupler, branchline coupler, Wilkinson power divider, and Butler matrix in beamforming is required for 5G smart antennas. Different beam widths like ±15, ±35, ±45, and ±55° etc. are produced for the intended directions using a variety of beamforming techniques. From lower to higher frequency band beamforming applications with Roger's Duroid 4003/4350/5880, tectonic, and aluminum oxide dielectric substrates are discussed here. Various beamforming techniques with their merits, demerits, and applications are included in the paper for the knowledge extension of the beamforming antenna designers and research community.

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Multi-standard, multi-band planar multiple input multiple output antenna with diversity effects for wireless applications

Cited by 13 publications

References 19 publications

THz antennas design, developments, challenges, and applications: A review

THz antennas design, developments, challenges, and applications: A review

Design, developments, and applications of 5G antennas: a review

5G beamforming techniques for the coverage of intended directions in modern wireless communication: in-depth review

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