Multi-Strain Probiotic Supplementation with a Product Containing Human-Native S. salivarius K12 in Healthy Adults Increases Oral S. salivarius

Cernioglo, Karina; Kalanetra, Karen M.; Meier, Anna; Lewis, Zachery T.; Underwood, Mark A.; Mills, David A.; Smilowitz, Jennifer T.

doi:10.3390/nu13124392

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Oral–pharyngeal bacteria are swallowed daily and can therefore potentially be detected, albeit at minimal concentrations, also in the faecal microbiota. Indeed, the S. salivarius species is poorly detected in the faecal consortium of subjects affected by COVID-19 [ 19 ]. The authors observed that SIG1 and SIG4, those characterizing the COVID-19 oral microbiota, correlated with the presence of IL-6, a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in the well-known “cytokine storm” characterizing a severe COVID-19 condition, while SIG2 and SIG3, those characterizing the healthy control oral microbiota, did not [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Effects of Streptococcus salivarius K12 in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: Results of a Preliminary Study

et al. 2022

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Anatomical and physiological considerations indicate that the oral cavity is a primary source of the lung microbiota community, and recent studies have shown that the microbiota in the lungs contributes to immunological homeostasis, potentially altering the organ’s susceptibility to viral infection, including SARS-CoV-2. It has been proposed that, in the case of viral infection, lung Gram-negative bacteria could promote the cytokine cascade with a better performance than a microbiota mainly constituted by Gram-positive bacteria. Recent observations also suggest that Prevotella-rich oral microbiotas would dominate the oral cavity of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. In comparison, Streptococcus-rich microbiotas would dominate the oral cavity of healthy people. To verify if the modulation of the oral microbiota could have an impact on the current coronavirus disease, we administered for 14 days a well-recognized and oral-colonizing probiotic (S. salivarius K12) to hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The preliminary results of our randomized and controlled trial seem to prove the potential role of this oral strain in improving the course of the main markers of pathology, as well as its ability to apparently reduce the death rate from COVID-19. Although in a preliminary and only circumstantial way, our results seem to confirm the hypothesis of a direct involvement of the oral microbiota in the construction of a lung microbiota whose taxonomic structure could modulate the inflammatory processes generated at the pulmonary and systemic level by a viral infection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%