Multi-strategy approach towards optimization of maturation and germination in radiata pine somatic embryogenesis

Abstract

Somatic embryogenesis is a powerful technique for forestry improvement programs when implementing multi-varietal forestry. However, it still faces some bottlenecks to be e cient in many forestry species. In this work we have studied the effect of some physico-chemical modi cations at proliferation, maturation and germination stages of Pinus radiata D. Don somatic embryogenesis, as well as the impact of this modi cations on plant conversion, survival, and on the morphology and biochemical pro le (carbohydrate and amino acid analysis) of the resulting plantlets. Given the long culture period needed for maturation and germination in radiata pine, an increase of the plant yield could be very bene cial for its commercial application.A preculture of 14 days without plant growth regulators before maturation seems to be bene cial for the development and germination of somatic embryos. Before germination, a cold storage at 4ºC had no detrimental effect and even increased plant conversion in some embryogenic cell lines. During germination, supplementation of the culture medium with glutamine and a reduction of the sucrose content can improve the greenhouse acclimatization of the plants. Similarly, germinants were demonstrated to be in uenced by the light source: uorescent light enhanced root formation, whereas blue LED light increased the shoot height of somatic plants. Moreover, the highest plants showed lower contents of arginine, asparagine and total carbohydrates. Key MessageModi cation of the physico-chemical environment before or during somatic embryo maturation and germination improves the success of the process.

Genetic stability, amino acid, and polyamine profile analyses in radiata pine somatic embryos maturated at high temperatures

“…This may be due to the fact that in both cases, the data were given in fresh weight and ECLs are mostly water (around 10% dry weight, Peng et al 2020) whereas ses have dry weight values around 30% (data not shown). If compared with other studies carried out in our laboratory with radiata pine somatic plantlets after six weeks of germination, the amino acid pro les vary considerably (Castander-Olarieta et al 2023). In that work it was shown that arginine is one of the most abundant free amino acids, contrasting with the results obtained at embryo level.…”

H2O2 Significantly Affects Larix kaempferi × Larix olgensis Somatic Embryogenesis

“…Although in a number of conifer species, progress has been made regarding somatic embryogenesis research, only a handful of somatic embryogenesis systems, those being Picea abies [ 20 , 21 ], Pinus banksiana [ 7 ] and Pinus radiata [ 22 ], can be applied for practical production. The stability of somatic embryogenesis systems of most conifer species is very poor.…”

Long-Term Successional Subculture Dynamics and Their Effects on the Proliferation Efficiency, Embryogenic Potential, and Genetic Stability of Embryogenic Tissues in Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr

“…Factors impacting diverse stages of somatic embryogenesis (embryogenic tissue induction, proliferation culture, pre-treatment, maturation treatment, etc.) and techniques to enhance culture efficiency across various Pine species have been explored [10,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Furthermore, with the advancement of bioinformatics, researchers are increasingly focusing on the role of genes involved in the various stages of somatic embryogenesis [8,[21][22][23].…”