Multi-technique characterization of ancient findings from Gela (Sicily, Italy)

Aquilia, Erica; Barone, Germana; Crupi, V.; Longo, Francesca; Majolino, D.; Mazzoleni, Paolo; Venuti, Valentina

doi:10.1039/c0ja00245c

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In order to preserve the integrity as well as the aesthetic value of artistic objects, micro-destructive and non-destructive techniques are preferred [5][6][7][8]. Each analytical method offers advantages and limitations according to the material under study, so multi-techniques approaches are usually adopted [9][10][11]. Among the various objects of artistic value, a large quantity, such as bowls, jewellery and stained glass windows, was created using glass as a raw material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Late Roman and Byzantine glass by the combined use of analytical techniques

Barbera

Barone

Crupi

et al. 2012

Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Late Roman and Byzantine glass by the combined use of analytical techniques

Barbera

Barone

Crupi

et al. 2012

Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids

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“…In particular, the elemental composition acquired by the portable XRF (PXRF) analyzer can provide valuable information for subsequent sampling operations, and then minimize the damage from aimless sampling. For example, Calva et al [235] applied PXRF technique to the analysis of colored fragments of plasters and floors collected from ancient Sicilian constructions. The results demonstrated that the mortars were mainly constituted of calcite in which the red or pinkish substrates were composed of iron oxides and ochres, while the white pigments were mainly composed of CaCO 3 .…”

Section: X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress in instrumental techniques for architectural heritage materials

et al. 2019

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Both conservation and intervention methods must be compatible with each other and appropriate for the original building materials. Therefore, the characterization of historic building materials is indispensable for investigating chemical composition, micro-structure and morphological features to study the current condition, environmental influence and change mechanism due to natural aging or man-made decay processes. Given the great variety of chemicals which can be analyzed, complex problems related to architectural heritage materials are investigated via optimized methodologies. Among the existing techniques, optical microscopy (OM) is an inexpensive and dominating tool to obtain preliminary information on complex samples. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) can provide real three-dimensional topographies showing sample surface properties. Electron microscopes combined with energy dispersion X-ray analysis (EM-EDX) are the instruments specifically developed to acquire images of target materials at high magnification. Infrared and Raman spectroscopies are frequently used to characterize inorganic and organic compounds. Thermal analysis can rapidly and accurately measure changes in crystalline structure, dehydration and decomposition. X-ray based technologies have a wide range of applications as follows. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is one of the most frequently used techniques for elemental analysis. X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a fast and inexpensive technique for the characterization of man-made and natural materials. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is applied to quantify the valence and electronic levels of specific elements. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is a powerful technique for detecting the electronic structure of matter. UV-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy is also of great importance in architectural heritage, which can reveal different physicochemical mechanisms causing color. Laserinduced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) can effectively eliminate the pollution on the surface and detect the internal elements of the target material. Ion beam analysis can quantify trace elements with high sensitivity. Mass-based techniques are mainly applied to identify unknown organic substances at the molecular level. This review describes some classical applications of individual techniques and provides scientific support for scientists and engineers to make decisions in the context of architectural heritage.

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“…The Cell_1 is 52 mm in diameter and 50 mm in height, providing an effective volume of c.a. v ¼ 60 cm 3 Fig. 1.…”

Section: Experimental Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Open ablation cell for LA-ICP-MS investigations of historic objects

Wagner

Jędral

2011

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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Laser ablation (LA) of historic objects (glass and ceramic) as well as reference materials (NIST610 and SRM679) was executed in standard closed or home made open ablation cells of different intrinsic volume (c.a. 60 cm 3 and 9 cm 3 or 4.5 cm 3 respectively). Comparative investigations with different ablation cells were carried out with argon as the carrier gas and registration of transient signals during the subsequent multielemental analysis by means of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Open cells allowed direct ablation from surface of historic objects and demonstrated suitability for mapping and quantitative elemental analysis. Resolution of created maps showing distribution of selected elements was improved by using open cells for which the rinse out time of aerosol was noticeably shortened (by a factor of 3) compared to the standard cell. The accuracy of quantitative elemental results obtained for ceramic objects was tested using SRM679 Brick Clay in the form of pressed pellet and was found to be satisfactory. It was demonstrated that the applicability of LA-ICP-MS in archaeometry as well as conservation science could be enhanced by popularization of open cells for the direct ablation from objects, which are too big to fit to standard cells and require strict limitation of sampling.

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Multi-technique characterization of ancient findings from Gela (Sicily, Italy)

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Study of Late Roman and Byzantine glass by the combined use of analytical techniques

Study of Late Roman and Byzantine glass by the combined use of analytical techniques

Recent progress in instrumental techniques for architectural heritage materials

Open ablation cell for LA-ICP-MS investigations of historic objects

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