Multi‐technique characterization of glass mosaic <i>tesserae</i> from <i>Villa di Teodorico</i> in Galeata (Italy)

Bersani, Danilo; Saviane, Luciana; Morigi, Alessia; Mantovani, Luciana; Aceto, Maurizio; Fornasini, Laura

doi:10.1002/jrs.6180

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The green areas of A3 were characterized by a peak centered at 514 nm and two minima at 1467 nm and 1546 nm. The spectral features of samples A2, A3 (red area), B2, and B3 were compatible with cuprite, which is characterized by an absorption band between 400-650 nm [1] and inflection points at 490 nm, 595 nm, and 625-685 [41,42].…”

Section: Fiber Optics Reflectance Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 70%

Spectroscopic and Morphologic Investigation of Bronze Disease: Performance Evaluation of Portable Devices

Porcu

Innocenti²,

Galeotti³

et al. 2022

Heritage

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Copper alloy artworks are particularly subjected to chloride attack, which may trigger bronze disease. Therefore, early identification of the phenomenon is crucial in order to stabilize the reactive copper chloride (CuCl) and remove the harmful corrosion products (atacamite and polymorphs). Confocal Raman Microspectroscopy (CRM) has proven to be effective for the detection of small amounts of atacamite, ascribable to the initial phases of corrosion. The handling of bronze artworks is often difficult or even impossible given their large size and weight, and sampling is not always allowed, making the use of portable instruments mandatory for on-site diagnostics. This paper proposes a method for the early detection of corrosion using non-invasive approaches. In this work, we present the results obtained from a set of artificially aged bronze samples with a suite of either laboratory (bench-top) or field (portable/transportable) instruments with the aim of highlighting their characteristics and performances in the diagnosis of bronze disease. Raman spectroscopy, Fiber Optics Reflectance Spectroscopy (FORS), Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were applied for chemical and morphological characterization of the samples.

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Section: Fiber Optics Reflectance Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 70%

Spectroscopic and Morphologic Investigation of Bronze Disease: Performance Evaluation of Portable Devices

Porcu

Innocenti²,

Galeotti³

et al. 2022

Heritage

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“…Bersani et al ( Multi‐technique characterization of glass mosaic tesserae from Villa di Teoderico in Galeata [Italy] , Università degli Studi di Parma, Italy) [ 30 ] have analyzed glass mosaic tesserae from the Villa di Teodorico in Galeata (Emilia Romagna, Italy), dated to early sixth century AD. The glass matrix and the dispersed crystallites are characterized through micro‐Raman spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and X‐ray powder diffraction analyses.…”

Section: Cultural Heritagementioning

confidence: 99%

Tribute to Derek Long: An instant snapshot of the development of Raman spectroscopy and its application in the fields of instrumentation and methodology, solid‐state materials, cultural heritage, DFT modeling and applications in biology, microbiology, and medicine

Colomban

Edwards

Kiefer

et al. 2021

J Raman Spectroscopy

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This special issue of the Journal of Raman Spectroscopy dedicated to Professor Derek Long provides a snapshot of the uses and improvements made in the technique, the development of which he was personally deeply involved in both fundamentally, theoretically and in the field of its applications.Data collected by the web of science indicate 75 articles for its activity at the University of Bradford from 1975 to 2008 (for a total of about 200), [1] listed under the qualifying categories: spectroscopy (82%), physical (66%), chemistry (32%), crystallography (21%), biophysics (8%), engineering (8%), cell biology (7%), instrumentation (4%), optics (3%), and polymer science (3%). However, there is no doubt that his main impact on the community of Raman spectroscopists is certainly his two textbooks, the first entitled "Raman Spectroscopy" published in 1977 by McGraw-Hill (270 pp) [2] and the second "The Raman Effect: A Unified Treatment of the Theory of Raman Scattering by Molecules" published in 2002 by John Wiley [3] (584 pp) and also the foundation with H.J. Bernstein (NRCC, Ottawa, Canada

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“…The research into glass tesserae has been more intensive than in case of mosaic fixing materials. Numerous papers on ancient [60]- [64], Byzantine and medieval [65]- [70] mosaic glass have been performed. Several studies have been dedicated to the classification and characterization of Czech mosaics´ glass tesserae [71], [72], [35], [48].…”

Section: Development Of Mosaic Fixing Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of Czech Modern Mosaic Mortars

Bauerová

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The main goal of this thesis was to characterise mosaic fixing mortars of 27 mosaics from the late 19th century to the late 20th century. The mortars were examined by SEM—EDS, XRD, light and light polarising microscopy, thermal analysis coupled with EGA-MS, FTIR and gas chromatography. The mosaics studied come from different mosaic workshops and periods but all of them relate to the present-day Czech Republic. Although the analysed set is small, some trends and preferences in the use of materials can be traced in the works of different workshops. Portable sepulchral mosaics designed by Neuhauser/ Tiroler Glasmalerei workshop, the first mosaic studio operating in the Czech Lands, follow a traditional 16th century technology – bedding mortars based on lime binder + marble aggregates + high amount of linseed oil (up to almost 40%) as a plasticizer. In order to fix façade mosaics, the company applied hydraulic mortars made of lime, marble dust, random waste glass splinters and reactive ceramic aggregates (bricks, chamotte) or Portland cement based materials with carbonate aggregates. A mixture of lime and Portland cement appears to be a common binder of Josef Pfefferle´s mosaics. The works by the first Czech local mosaicist Viktor Foerster consist of sand, early Portland cement or mixtures of Portland cement and lime and crushed bricks or gypsum. Foerster´s wife Marie used blended Portland cement with blast furnace slag grains to fix the vault mosaic of the Slavín crypt. The analysed bedding mortars from mosaics produced by other early 20th century mosaic workshops also document the on-going transition from traditional calcium carbonate aggregates and cocciopesto technique to the application of sand and Portland cement based mortars. Portland cement was the main compound in the binders of the studied “socialistic” mosaics of the latter half of the 20th century. This work brought evidence of a common use of blended cements containing granulated blast furnace slag. Linseed oil turned out to be an important compound of some late 19th/ early 20th century mortars. Therefore, a methodology of linseed oil content estimation in the historic mortars was proposed based of the three methods (TG coupled with EGA-MS and TOC). The approach based on EGA-MS (identification and analysis of m/z 95 signal corresponding to “oil-specific” [C7H11]+ ion), developed on a set of model mortars and tested on authentic mosaic mortars´ samples, provided the most satisfactory results.

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Multi‐technique characterization of glass mosaic tesserae from Villa di Teodorico in Galeata (Italy)

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

Spectroscopic and Morphologic Investigation of Bronze Disease: Performance Evaluation of Portable Devices

Spectroscopic and Morphologic Investigation of Bronze Disease: Performance Evaluation of Portable Devices

Tribute to Derek Long: An instant snapshot of the development of Raman spectroscopy and its application in the fields of instrumentation and methodology, solid‐state materials, cultural heritage, DFT modeling and applications in biology, microbiology, and medicine

Characterisation of Czech Modern Mosaic Mortars

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