Multi-Way Analysis Coupled with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Food Industry: Models and Applications

Abstract

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a fast and powerful analytical tool in the food industry. As an advanced chemometrics tool, a multi-way analysis shows great potential for solving a wide range of food problems and analyzing complex spectroscopic data. This paper describes the representative multi-way models which were used for analyzing NIRS data, as well as the advances, advantages and limitations of different multi-way models. The applications of a multi-way analysis in NIRS for the food industry in terms of food process control, quality evaluation and fraud, identification and classification, prediction and quantification, and image analysis are also reviewed. It is evident from this report that a multi-way analysis is presently an attractive tool for modeling complex NIRS data in the food industry while its full potential is far from reached. The combination of a multi-way analysis with NIRS will be a promising practice for turning food data information into operational knowledge, conducting reliable food analyses and improving our understanding about food systems and food processes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper that systematically reports the advances on models and applications of a multi-way analysis in NIRS for the food industry.

Thoughts for Foods: Imaging Technology Opportunities for Monitoring and Measuring Food Quality

“…As well, [44] applied PETIS technology to study the effect of light on H 2 15 O flow in rice plants. Where found that the plants were exposed to low light, the H 2 15 O flow was activated more slowly. By the same token, [45] studied the visualize of 15 O-water flow in tomato and rice plants in light and darkness by using PETIS technology.…”

“…Where found that the plants were exposed to low light, the H 2 15 O flow was activated more slowly. By the same token, [45] studied the visualize of 15 O-water flow in tomato and rice plants in light and darkness by using PETIS technology. Although the applications of Gamma-ray imaging techniques are mainly used for research and development purposes, it has extremely great potential to serve as a tool for the development of several operations in the agriculture and food sectors.…”

“…In recent decades, many software, or additional packages specific to generic statistical software have been developed, such as Matlab, R, or Python [15]. Most algorithms refer to multi-way analysis, such as PARAFAC, PARAFAC2, N-PLS, Tucker3, and DTLD [16].…”

“…Likewise, [36] explained that the positron-emitting tracer imaging system (PETIS) was developed to use the theory of PET in plants. It is equipped with a planar-type imaging apparatus and radioisotopes tracers such as 11 C, 13 N, 15 O, 52 Fe, 52 Mn, 64 Cu, and 107 Cd that are produced by a cyclotron and provides 2-D images. As well, [37] concluded that the 2-D and 3-D Gamma-ray imaging techniques have been successfully used in agriculture for the quantification and visualization of various compounds and mechanisms studies within plants such as water uptake and transportation, metal uptake, and transportation, photoassimilate translocation, etc.…”

“…Moreover, the utilize of positron emission tomography imaging system (PETIS) in the field of tracking water uptake and translocation within plants was studied. Where [35] studied the effect of Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) on H 2 15 O translocation from the roots to the shoots of rice plants in real-time by PETIS technology. As well, [44] applied PETIS technology to study the effect of light on H 2 15 O flow in rice plants.…”